脱逃罪适用之困局与突围——以“关押状态”代替“关押场所”为构成要件要素的新解  

The Dilemma and Breakthrough of the Application of Escape Crime——Taking the Status of Detention Instead of the Place of Detention as the Essential Element

作　　者：李凌旭 LI Lingxu

机构地区：[1]巢湖学院经济与法学学院,安徽巢湖238024

出　　处：《淮南师范学院学报》2021年第4期23-27,共5页Journal of Huainan Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助资助项目“刑法规范二重性视域下存疑有利于被告人研究”(20FFXB071);安徽省科技创新战略与软科学研究专项计划项目“科技成果转化纠纷解决机制研究”(202006f01050063)。

摘　　要：学界普遍认为应将"关押场所"作为脱逃罪的构成要件要素,通过脱逃罪的法律适用可以发现,其对本罪的认定将会产生难以突破的困局,主要体现在刑法犯罪圈被不合理缩小、罪刑法定原则被突破。为了摆脱上述困局,文章建议用"关押状态"代替"关押场所",并对之进行深入阐述。具体而言,"关押状态"是客观实际的限制人身自由的状态,不以有看守人员在场为前提,行为人对脱逃行为有主观罪过。本研究可为正确适用脱逃罪提供一定参考。The academic circles generally believe that the place of detention should be regarded as the constituent element of the crime of escape.Through the application of the law of the crime of escape,it can be found that the identification of this crime will have a difficult breakthrough dilemma,which is mainly reflected in the unreasonable narrowing of the criminal circle and the breakthrough of the principle of criminal law.In order to get rid of the above dilemma,this paper proposes to replace the place of detention with the state of detention and identify it.Specifically,we should identify the detention state from three aspects:the detention state is an objective and practical state of restricting personal freedom;the detention state does not take the presence of guards as the premise,and the actor has subjective guilt for escaping from the detention state,so as to provide the basis for the correct application of the crime of escape.

关 键 词：脱逃罪 关押场所 罪刑法定 

分 类 号：D924.36[政治法律—刑法学]