嗣后充填采场爆破与充填体稳定协同效应研究  

Study on Synergistic Effect of Blasting Effect and Backfill Stability in Post-filling Stope

作　　者：张金 金爱兵[2,3] 陈帅军 ZHANG Jin;JIN Aibing;CHEN Shuaijun(Shandong Jinding Mining Co.,Ltd.,Zibo 255000,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山东金鼎矿业有限责任公司,山东淄博255000 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《金属矿山》2021年第9期8-17,共10页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51804018,52004017)。

摘　　要：嗣后充填采场二步采过程中,兼顾爆破破碎效果和充填体稳定对于矿山高效、安全开采有重要意义。通过分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验获得矿石和充填体的动力学参数,以此为基础,利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对不同孔底距、排间距和充填体保护层厚度等多种方案的爆破效果及充填体响应进行模拟分析,并通过山东金鼎铁矿现场爆破监测数据,拟合了质点振动速度的萨道夫斯基公式,结合数值模拟结果,分析应用数值模拟的可行性。研究结果表明:(1)50.3%品位磁铁矿动态抗压强度为53.8 MPa、动态弹性模量为21.6 GPa、动态抗拉强度为11.7 MPa,充填体平均动态抗压强度约为6.19 MPa;(2)爆破效果数值模拟显示,孔底距2.9~3.1 m、排间距1.8 m、保护层厚度大于等于1.5 m的爆破方案炸药能量利用最充分,爆破效果最好,且充填体最大振动速度小于12 cm/s,满足爆破安全规程的要求,能保证充填体稳定;(3)拟合公式推算结果和数值模拟结果基本一致,ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件用于模拟地下深孔爆破效果及充填体稳定性可以获得较为理想的效果。Taking into account the effect of blasting crushing and the stability of filling body in the subsequent two-step mining of filling stope is of great significance for efficient and safe mining of mines. The dynamic parameters of ore and backfill were obtained through the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)test. Based on these properties,the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to simulate the blasting effect and backfill response of various solutions such as different hole bottom distances,row spacings and protective layer thicknesses of backfill. According to the on-site blasting monitoring data on Jinding Iron Mine in Shandong Province,the Sadovsky formula of particle vibration velocity was fitted,and combined with the numerical simulation results,the feasibility of applying numerical simulation was analyzed. The results show that:(1) The dynamic compressive strength of 50.3% grade magnetite is 53.8 MPa,the dynamic elastic modulus is 21.6 GPa,the dynamic tensile strength is 11.7 MPa,and the average dynamic compressive strength of filling body is about 6.19 MPa.(2) Numerical simulation of blasting effect shows that the blasting scheme of hole bottom distance of 2.9~ 3.1 m,row spacing of 1.8 m,and protective layer thickness of 1.5 m or more can efficiently use the explosives and get the best blasting effect. And the maximum vibration speed of the filling body is less than 12 cm/s,which meets the requirements of blasting safety regulations,and can ensure backfill stability.(3) The result of the fitting formula is consistent with the numerical simulation result,which proves that ANSYS/LS-DYNA software can be used to study the blasting effect.

关 键 词：地下开采 分离式霍普金森压杆试验 动力学特性 爆破效果 ANSYS/LS-DYNA 充填体稳定性 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]