钒钛磁铁矿综合利用现状及HIsmelt冶炼可行性分析  

Comprehensive utilization status of vanadium-titanium magnetite and feasibility analysis of HIsmelt smelting

作　　者：张树石 胡鹏 饶家庭 王振阳[1] 张建良[1] 宗燕兵[1] ZHANG Shushi;HU Peng;RAO Jiating;WANG Zhenyang;ZHANG Jianliang;ZONG Yanbing(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium Resources,Panzhihua 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第9期3085-3092,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(BX20200045);钒钛资源综合利用国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(2020P4FZG06A)。

摘　　要：目前,钒钛磁铁矿的综合利用工艺较多,但在经济环保前提下实现钒、钛资源的高效回收存在困难。中国钒钛磁铁矿储量丰富,且尚未大规模开发利用,因此,钒钛磁铁矿的综合利用成为研究热点。本文回顾钒钛磁铁矿综合利用工艺相关研究,分别讨论高炉法和非高炉法冶炼钒钛磁铁矿的工艺流程与特点,并重点分析了HIsmelt熔融还原工艺冶炼钒钛磁铁矿可行性及优势。研究结果表明:高炉法工艺成熟,生产规模大,但存在环境污染、钛资源利用率低等问题;还原−电炉法流程短,污染小,但受到天然气严格限制;直接还原−磨选法、钠化提钒−直接还原−电炉法的铁、钒和钛资源回收率高,但生产规模小,技术尚不成熟。HIsmelt工艺以矿粉和煤粉为原料,无需烧结和焦化工序,绿色环保,该工艺熔融还原炉内气氛为弱氧化性,渣中FeO质量分数高,可抑制高熔点TiC和TiN物相生成,有助于实现全钒钛磁铁矿冶炼,从而提高渣中TiO2质量分数,高效回收渣中钛资源。本文通过分析现有钒钛磁铁矿综合利用工艺及HIsmelt冶炼可行性,以期促进铁、钒及钛资源同时回收和综合利用。At present,there are many comprehensive utilization processes of vanadium-titanium magnetite,but it is difficult to achieve efficient recovery of vanadium and titanium resources on the premise of economic and environmental protection.There are abundant vanadium-titanium magnetite reserves in China,which has not been developed and utilized on a large scale.Therefore,comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite has become a research hotspot.By reviewing related research on comprehensive utilization process of vanadium titanium magnetite,the process flow and characteristics of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace process and non-blast furnace process were discussed,respectively.In addition,the feasibility and advantages of HIsmelt smelting reduction process for smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite were analyzed.The results show that blast furnace process is mature and the production scale is large,but there are problems such as environmental pollution and low utilization rate of titanium resources.Reduction-electric furnace process has short process and small pollution,but is strictly limited by natural gas.The recovery rates of iron,vanadium and titanium resources by direct reduction-grinding separation process and the process of vanadium extraction by sodium roasting-direct reduction-electric furnace process are high,but the production scale is small and the technology is not yet mature.HIsmelt process uses mineral powder and coal powder as raw materials without sintering and coking processes,and is green environmental protection.The atmosphere in the SRV furnace of this process is weakly oxidizing,and the mass fraction of FeO in the slag is high.The formation of TiC and TiN phases with high melting point can be inhibited,which is helpful to realize the smelting of all vanadium titanomagnetite,so as to improve the mass fraction of TiO2 in the slag and efficiently recover titanium resources in the slag.The existing comprehensive utilization process of vanadium titanium magnetite and the

关 键 词：钒钛磁铁矿 综合利用 HISMELT 高炉法 非高炉法 

分 类 号：X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]