域外国家参与北极科学合作的路径——以北极科学部长级会议机制为例  

PATHS FOR NON-ARCTIC COUNTRIES TO PARTICIPATE IN ARCTIC SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION:TAKING THE ARCTIC SCIENCE MINISTERIAL CONFERENCE MECHANISM AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：陈留林 刘嘉玥 王文涛[3] 俞勇[1] Chen Liulin;Liu Jiayue;Wang Wentao;Yu Yong(MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science,Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200136,China;School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;The Administrative Center for China’s Agenda 21,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部极地科学重点实验室,中国极地研究中心,上海200136 [2]天津大学海洋科学与技术学院,天津300072 [3]中国21世纪议程管理中心,北京100038

出　　处：《极地研究》2021年第3期414-420,共7页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划(2019YFC1408200);科技部《第四次气候变化国家评估报告》编制工作资助。

摘　　要：北极科学部长级会议(ASM)是由北极国家发起的覆盖全球主要北极事务相关国家和国际组织的政府间高级别合作交流平台,主要目标是增强国际北极科学合作和协作。本文结合国际北极研究的最新情况,从北极科学部长级会议发起的背景和发展的特点来对其内在的发展机制和发展方向进行解析,认为ASM体现了美国提振北极科学研究、发挥全球领导力的诉求,尽管ASM给北极域外国家提供了以平等身份参与北极科学合作和表达立场的机会,但是目前其主要框架仍受到北极理事会深刻影响和主导,对各国的北极研究和合作是一种软性的信息交流和督促机制,北极域外国家需在科技战略对接、科技项目合作以及深入介入北极观测网和数据共享方面展现出更加积极的态度和措施,来提升北极治理的影响力。The Arctic Science Ministerial Conference(ASM)is a high-level intergovernmental cooperation and exchange platform initiated by Arctic countries that comprises major Arctic affairs-related countries and international organizations.Its main goal is to enhance international Arctic scientific cooperation and collaboration.This article combines the latest situation of international Arctic research,analyzes its internal development mechanism and development direction from the perspective of the background and characteristics of development initiated by the ASM Conference,and believes that ASM reflects the United States’promotion of Arctic scientific research and global leadership.Although the ASM provides equal opportunities for Arctic countries to participate in scientific cooperation and to express their standpoints on the Arctic,its main framework is still deeply influenced and dominated by the Arctic Council.The ASM’s information exchange and supervision mechanism has served as a soft power tool for shaping Arctic research and cooperation among countries.Non-Arctic Countries need to show a more active attitude and measures in scientific and technological strategic integration,scientific and technological project cooperation,and deep involvement in the Arctic observing network and data sharing to enhance the influence of Arctic governance.

关 键 词：北极科学部长级会议 国际合作 北极理事会 

分 类 号：P941.62[天文地球—自然地理学] P467