簇毛麦3V染色体在不同小麦遗传背景下的传递  

Transmission of 3V Chromosome from Dasypyrum villosum in Different Genetic Backgrounds of Common Wheat

作　　者：张洁[1,2] 蒋云 郭元林[1] 王颖[1] 杨燕[4] 李小燕 邓自圆 邓光兵[3] 宣朴[5] 龙海[3] ZHANG Jie;JIANG Yun;GUO Yuan-lin;WANG Ying;YANG Yan;LI Xiao-yan;DENG Zi-yuan;DENG Guang-bing;XUAN Pu;LONG Hai(Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610061;Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in Southwestern China,Chengdu 610066;Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041;College of Life Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066;Institute of Agroproducts Processing Science and Technology,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所,成都610061 [2]农业部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,成都610066 [3]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [4]四川师范大学生命科学学院,成都610066 [5]四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,成都610066

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2021年第5期1355-1364,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31801362);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(重点)(2019YJ0605,2018JY0629);四川省财政厅创新能力提升工程(2019KXJJ-001);四川省农业科学院优秀论文基金(2018LWJJ-017);四川省农业科学院人才基金(2019LJRC020)~~。

摘　　要：本研究前期创制了一份高抗小麦条锈病的新型中国春(CS)-簇毛麦3V(3D)代换系CD-3,并将该条锈抗性初步定位于簇毛麦3V染色体上。为进一步探索簇毛麦3V染色体在不同小麦背景中的传递特性,对其育种利用提供依据,本研究将CD-3与地方小麦品种开县罗汉麦(KL)和推广小麦品种川麦42(CM42)分别进行正反交,F_(1)杂种自交后获得F_(2)群体。随后使用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)研究了F_(2)群体3V的传递行为并调查了F_(2)植株的条锈抗性。结果显示:(1)4个组合中(CD-3/KL、KL/CD-3、CD-3/CM42和CM42/CD-3)F_(2)3V传递率为20.45%~34.94%,都极显著低于理论值(75%),组合之间无显著性差异,表明3V传递率在CM42和KL背景中传递率较低,且二者遗传背景对其传递率无影响。(2)组合CD-3/CM423V的结构变异频率最高,与组合CD-3/KL和CM42/CD-3存在显著性差异,表明遗传背景对染色体结构稳定性有一定影响。(3)4个组合中,携带2条3V的植株均有较好的条锈抗性,携带1条3V的植株则表现感病或中抗,与亲本CM42或KL抗性一致,表明3V上的条锈抗性基因能在CM42和KL两种不同的遗传背景中能正常表达。本研究为深入研究该条锈抗性基因提供了遗传信息,为小麦改良提供了材料基础。In our previous study,CD-3,a novel CS-Dasypyrum villosum(L.)P.Candargy 3 V(3 D)substitution line with high resistance to wheat stripe rust,had been developed,and the stripe rust resistance had been mapped on the 3 V chromosome.To explored the transmission character of the 3 V chromosome and provide the theoretical basis for the utilization of stripe rust resistance from 3 V in wheat breeding,CD-3 was directly and reciprocally crossed with landrace Kaixian Luohan Mai wheat(KL)and commercial variety Chuan Mai 42 wheat(CM42),respectively,in this study.The F_(1)hybrids were then selfed to obtain F_(2)plants for estimation of the transmission characters of the 3 V chromosome using fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH).At last,the stripe rust resistance of the F_(2)plants was investigated.The results showed:(1)The transmission rates of 3 V in the 4 crosses(CD-3/KL,KL/CD-3,CD-3/CM42 and CM42/CD-3)ranged from 20.45%to 34.94%,which were significantly lower than the theoretical value(75%),and there was no significant difference among the 4 crosses,indicating that the genetic background had no influence on the transmission of 3 V in this study.(2)The chromosomal structural aberration rate of 3 V in CD-3/CM42 was significantly higher than that in CD-3/KL and CM42/CD-3,suggesting that the genetic background had influence on the chromosomal structural aberration rate of 3 V.(3)The plants with two 3 V chromosomes showed high resistance,and the plants carrying one 3 V chromosome were susceptible or moderately resistant to stripe rust,which was consistent with the infection type of their parents,CM42 and KL.The result showed that the resistant gene(s)of stripe rust located on the 3 V chromosome could express in the genetic background of the landrace KL and the commercial variety CM42.This research provided theoretical foundation for further exploration of the resistant gene(s)of stripe rust originating from the 3 V chromosome of D.villosum,as well as valuable genetic materials for wheat improvement.

关 键 词：簇毛麦 3V染色体 传递率 染色体结构变异 条锈抗性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]