广西两县成人活动性肺结核患者能量、蛋白质摄入状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of energy and protein intake and its influencing factors in adult patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis in Guangxi

作　　者：周凌云[1] 周为文[1] 梁大斌[1] 黄敏莹[1] 梁小烟 李鹃[1] 赵锦明[1] 龙凤雪 罗飞 林杨明 Zhou Lingyun;Zhou Weiwen;Liang Dabin;Huang Mingying;Liang Xiaoyan;Li Juan;Zhao Jinming;Long Fengxue;Luo Fei;Lin Yangming(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning 530028,China;Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028 [2]广西医科大学,南宁530021

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2021年第9期1813-1818,共6页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(No.S2017067)。

摘　　要：目的:了解广西不同地区成人活动性肺结核患者能量、蛋白质摄入情况及影响因素,为后续研究提供依据。方法:以广西A、B两县为研究现场,于2016年5月至2018年12月连续纳入符合病例纳入标准的成人活动性肺结核患者300例,按照《中国贫困地区成人肺结核患者营养和膳食状况调查实施细则》进行问卷调查和膳食调查,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果:活动性肺结核患者蛋白质、能量平均摄入量分别为(77.76±36.37)g、(1858.53±685.22)kcal,A县患者蛋白质、能量平均摄入量均高于B县(均P<0.001)。病原学检查结果阳性、一周一日三餐不完全在家饮食、已戒酒或正在饮酒、胸片显示有空洞是影响患者能量、蛋白质摄入的单因素(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,一日三餐不完全在家饮食、病原学检查阳性是发生能量、蛋白质摄入不足的危险因素;此外,已戒酒或正在饮酒是发生能量摄入不足的危险因素。结论:广西不同地区的活动性肺结核患者能量、蛋白质摄入不均衡,病情严重的患者发生能量、蛋白质摄入不足的比例更高,病原学检查阳性、一日三餐不完全在家饮食、已戒酒或正在饮酒可引起能量、蛋白质摄入不足。Objective: To investigate the energy and protein intake and influencing factors of adult patients with active tuberculosis in Guangxi, and to provide reference for guiding the rational diet of tuberculosis patients.Methods: Taking A and B counties of Guangxi as the study site, 300 adult active pulmonary tuberculosis patients who met the case inclusion criteria from May 2016 to December 2018 were included in the study. Questionnaire survey and dietary survey were conducted in accordance with the Implementation Rules of Survey on Nutrition and Dietary Status of Adult Tuberculosis Patients in Poverty-hit Areas of China. SPSS 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The average intake of protein and energy in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was(77.76±36.37) g and(1,858.53±685.22) kcal, respectively. The average intake of protein and energy in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis was higher in county A than that in county B(P<0.001). Positive results of etiological examination, incomplete eating three meals a day at home, abstaining or currently drinking alcohol,chest radiograph showing cavity were the factors affecting energy and protein intake(P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the positive results of etiological examination and incomplete eating three meals a day at home were risk factors for insufficient energy and protein intake. In addition, abstinence or current alcohol consumption was a risk factor for insufficient energy intake. Conclusion: The energy and protein intake of patients with active tuberculosis in different regions of Guangxi is not balanced, and the proportion of energy and protein intake deficiency is higher in patients with severe disease. Positive results of etiological examination, incomplete eating three meals a day at home,and abstinence or current alcohol consumption can cause energy and protein intake deficiency.

关 键 词：广西 肺结核 能量 蛋白质 营养 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]