苦荞种质资源种子蛋白质及组分含量的变异分析  

Variation Analysis on Protein and Its Components Contents of Seeds of Tartary Buckwheat Germplasms

作　　者：石桃雄[1] 郑俊青 黎瑞源 吕丹 陈庆富[1] 梁成刚[1] SHI Taoxiong;ZHENG Junqing;LI Ruiyuan;LÜDan;CHEN Qingfu;LIANG Chenggang(Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省信息与计算科学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2021年第9期25-35,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系荞麦育种岗位科学家专项(CARS-07-A5);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合ZC[2019]2298);贵州省荞麦种质资源保育及创新重点实验室建设基金项目(黔教合KY[2017]002);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018年]5769-17)。

摘　　要：为了揭示苦荞种子蛋白质及其组分含量的遗传多样性,筛选优异蛋白质种质资源,对来自不同省(区)的231份苦荞种质资源种子的蛋白质及其组分含量进行变异分析、相关性分析和聚类分析。结果表明,苦荞种质资源种子总蛋白质、清蛋白、谷蛋白、球蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量的均值分别为77.78 mg/g、30.32 mg/g、30.53 mg/g、13.72 mg/g和3.21 mg/g,变异系数表现为清蛋白(24.5%)>醇溶蛋白(24.2%)>谷蛋白(19.6%)>球蛋白(16.5%)>总蛋白质(12.7%)。99.1%(229份)的供试苦荞种质资源种子蛋白质主要由清蛋白和谷蛋白组成,二者共占总蛋白质含量的67.9%~88.1%。醇溶蛋白含量与清蛋白含量呈极显著负相关,与球蛋白含量呈极显著正相关,与谷蛋白含量呈显著正相关;总蛋白质含量除与醇溶蛋白含量的相关性不显著外,与其他3个蛋白质组分含量均呈极显著正相关。聚类分析将231份苦荞种质资源分成六大类群,其中,类群Ⅴ包含20份种质资源,种子球蛋白和谷蛋白含量最高;类群Ⅵ包含35份种质资源,种子醇溶蛋白含量最高;类群Ⅰ包含41份种质资源,种子总蛋白质、清蛋白和谷蛋白含量均较高。这些优异种质资源可用于高蛋白质苦荞品种的遗传改良。To dissect the genetic diversity of protein and its components contents of Tartary buckwheat seeds,and select germplasms with excellent protein,the genetic variation,correlation and cluster analyses of protein and its components contents of seeds were carried out using 231 Tartary buckwheat germplasm resources from different provinces(autonomous region).The results showed that the mean values of total protein,albumin,glutenin,globulin and gliadin contents of seeds of Tartary buckwheat germplasm resources were 77.78 mg/g,30.32 mg/g,30.53 mg/g,13.72 mg/g and 3.21 mg/g,respectively.The order of variation coefficient was albumin(24.5%)>gliadin(24.2%)>glutenin(19.6%)>globulin(16.5%)>total protein(12.7%).The seed protein of 99.1%(229)of Tartary buckwheat germplasms mainly consisted of albumin and glutenin,the proportions of total content of albumin and glutenin were 67.9%—88.1%of total protein content.Gliadin content was extremely significantly negatively correlated with albumin content,extremely significantly positively correlated with globulin content,and significantly positively correlated with glutenin content.Total protein content was extremely significantly positively correlated with protein components contents except for gliadin.The 231 germplasms were divided into six groups by cluster analysis.GroupⅤcontaining 20 germplasms had the highest contents of globulin and glutenin of seeds.GroupⅥcontaining 35 germplasms had the highest gliadin content of seeds.GroupⅠincluding 41 germplasms had high contents of total protein,albumin and glutenin of seeds.These excellent germplasms could be used for the genetic improvement of Tartary buckwheat varieties with high protein content.

关 键 词：苦荞种质资源 蛋白质组分含量 变异分析 相关性分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]