朝士·名士·游士:南宋中期诗人的三种面相  

Officials,Celebrities and Rovers: Three Faces of Poets in the Middle Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：熊海英[1] XIONG Hai-ying

机构地区：[1]湖北大学文学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2021年第5期222-234,240,共14页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(18AZD031)。

摘　　要：朝士张良臣、名士林宪和游士戴复古是前后相继的三代人,作为“富贵不可致”“择术复自苦”的能诗者被定性为“诗人”。南宋中期以后有些文人逐渐疏离政治,以诗歌为生活和社交重心;拥有诗集和诗名成为确认“诗人”身分的资本,诗集刊行使“诗人”和诗歌的空间得以推扩;同时,士大夫与“诗人”的文学观念和评价体系却渐成扞格。学“晚唐体”的风气是地方“诗人”影响到中央文坛最终又成为“诗人”之诗与士大夫之诗的分界。张良臣举进士到戴复古挟诗干谒、名动公卿,其间的半个世纪正是江湖诗人群体形成的早期阶段。从楼钥为这三位诗人的诗集所作序跋切入研究,能够解析南宋中期以后诗歌相关现象和观念的变化,对既有结论作出修正和补充。Zhang Liangchen,an official,Lin Xian,a celebrity and Dai Fugu,a rover were from three generations in succession,and they were regarded as“professional poets”since they could write very good poems and stick to the principle of“being not rich but honorable”.Since the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty,some literati gradually alienated from politics and began to take poetry writing as their major work.The poetry collections and wide-spread poems become the stepping stone to the identity of“poets”.Publication of their poems promotes the spread of poetry.At the same time,the scholar officials and“professional poets”disagree with each other on the literary concept and evaluation system.The“late Tang style”began from the local and influenced the central literary world gradually,and finally it became the dividing line between the poems of the“professional poets”and the scholar-officials.From Zhang Liangchen to Dai Fugu,the half century has seen the formation of the group of“Jianghu poets”.From the preface and post script for the three poets’collection written by Lou Yao,we can analyze the evolution of related phenomena and concepts of poetry in the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty,and thus make some modification and supplement for some of the existing conclusions.

关 键 词：南宋中期诗人 楼钥 晚唐体 张良臣 林宪 戴复古 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K245[历史地理—历史学]