新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗研究开发现状和面临的挑战  

Current status and challenges of the research and development of Covid-19 vaccine

作　　者：王长征[1] Wang Changzheng(Department of Respiratory Medicine,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学第三附属医院呼吸内科,400016

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2021年第17期1281-1285,共5页International Journal of Respiration

摘　　要：评述了目前在全世界范围内被批准紧急使用的几种新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫苗的安全性、免疫原性和有效性,以及疫苗研发和接种可能面临的挑战。新冠肺炎疫苗采用的技术有基于mRNA,腺病毒载体的基因工程疫苗和传统的灭活病毒疫苗。疫苗的有效性从60%~95%左右。由于疫苗急迫的开发和匆促的批准使用,疫苗的安全性、保护作用持续的时间,免疫学机制,对病毒变异株感染的保护作用等都还需要更多的研究和观察。This review focuses at the safety,immunogenicity and efficacy of Covid-19 vaccine that have been approved for emergency use authorization worldwide,and the challenge of the vaccine development and a mass vaccination.The Covid-19 vaccine developed by different technologies includes based mRNA,recombinant adenovirus vectored and inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and others.The efficacy of vaccines are about 60%-95%.Due to urgent development and rushed authorization to use,the safety,duration of protective effect,immunological mechanisms and effect for SARS-CoV-2 variants of vaccine and so on needs more study and observation.

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型 疫苗 生物学标记 药理学 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]