空气静压轴承气旋机理及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of Cyclone Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Aerostatic Bearings

作　　者：唐璐阳 张小龙[1] 寇盼 TANG Lu-yang;ZHANG Xiao-long;KOU Pan(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Shaanxi Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2021年第10期279-283,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51175399)。

摘　　要：为了降低空气静压轴承节流孔内气旋导致的轴承微振动,提高轴承稳定性和超精密加工精度,这里根据冲击射流的气流流动结构特征划分了气流流场区域,利用大涡模拟对不同区域的气流瞬时流动情况进行了仿真,研究了气旋的产生和发展规律,并从冲量原理、压力变化等方面分析了气旋导致微振动的机理。进一步从稳态和瞬态两方面研究了不同供气压力和压力腔形状对气旋强度的影响。研究表明,微振动的产生是由于阻滞区域、压力腔径向流动区的气旋以及在壁面射流区处压力腔出口形成的湍动能和压力波动。随着供气压力的增加,气旋强度增加,不同形状的压力腔对气旋强度影响较大,据此可选择较优的压力腔形状。研究成果为空气静压轴承的设计提供理论依据。In order to reduce the bearing micro-vibration caused by cyclone in the aerostatic bearing orifice,also improve the bearing stability and ultra-precision machining accuracy,this paper uses large eddy simulation simulate the instantaneous flow of gas in the orifice,and the law of the generation and variation of cyclone is studied.By calculating the pressure drop and turbulent energy of the cyclone,the mechanism of the micro-vibration caused by the cyclone is analyzed from the aspects of impulse principle and pressure change,etc.Further study on the influence of bearing gas supply pressure and pressure chamber structure on cyclone intensity.Studies have shown that as the gas supply pressure increases,the cyclone intensity increases,and different pressure chambers have a great influence on the cyclone intensity,so that a better pressure chamber shape can be selected.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the design of the orifice.

关 键 词：空气静压轴承 微振动 大涡模拟 气旋 供气压力 压力腔结构 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH133.35