新疆油田注汽管网结垢成分分析及对策  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Scaling Composition of Steam Injection Pipe Net⁃work in Xinjiang Oilfield

作　　者：李晓艳 LI Xiaoyan(Engineering Technology Research Institute of Xinjiang Oilfield Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]新疆油田公司工程技术研究院,834000

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2021年第10期82-87,92,共7页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：新疆油田稠油开采使用蒸汽吞吐模式,稠油净化水回用于普通蒸汽锅炉。为提升驱油效果,新疆油田大量引入过热锅炉,现有水处理技术满足普通蒸汽锅炉但无法满足过热蒸汽锅炉的给水水质要求,造成注蒸汽锅炉、注汽管网及油井等注采系统结垢日趋严重,影响注蒸汽采油系统安全运行。通过对新疆油田注汽管网结垢成分进行分析,得出注汽管网结垢的原因是锅炉给水中硅化物(SiO_(2)、SiCl_(4))和溶解性固形物含量高。为此提出解决和减轻注汽管网结垢的措施,包括采取分类、分质给蒸汽锅炉供水,采用高温净化(软化)水除盐技术和浓盐水深度处理技术降低锅炉给水的含盐量,常规水处理工艺新增高效除硅反应器降低锅炉给水中的SiO2、SiCl4含量等,锅炉运行状况得到明显改善,大大降低了注汽阀门的更换频率及井口泵卡频率,实现了注汽系统的平稳运行。The development of heavy oil in Xinjiang oilfield adopts steam stimulation mode.The heavy oil purified water is reused in ordinary boilers.In order to improve the oil displacement effect,Xinjiang Oilfield has introduced a large number of superheated boilers,and the existing water treatment technology can meet the requirements of ordinary boilers but cannot meet the water quality require-ments of superheated boilers.As a result,the scaling problem of injection and production systems such as steam injection boiler,steam injection pipe network and oil wells becomes increasingly serious,af-fecting the safe operation of the boiler.In this paper,through the analysis of the scaling composition of the steam injection pipe network in Xinjiang Oilfield,it is concluded that the high content of silicide(SiO_(2),SiCl_(4))and dissolved solids in the boiler feed water is the reason for the scaling of the steam in-jection pipe network.Therefore,measures to solve and reduce scaling in steam injection pipe network are put forward,including boiler feed water supply by classification and quality,adopt desalination technology of high-temperature purified softened water and deep treatment technology of concentrated brine to reduce the salt content of boiler feed water,and adds a high-efficiency desiliconization reactor in conventional water treatment process to reduce the SiO2,SiCl4 content of boiler feed water,etc.Af-ter these treatments,the boiler operating condition is significantly improved,which greatly reduces the frequency of replacement of the steam injection valve and the frequency of the wellhead pump stuck.The smooth operation of the steam injection system is achieved.

关 键 词：注汽管网 结垢 除盐 除硅 锅炉给水 分类分质供水 

分 类 号：TE358.5[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]