半地下建筑顶板不同覆土厚度绿化的生态效益研究  

A Study on the Ecological Benefits of Greenings with Different Thicknesses of Covering Soil on the Top of Semi-underground Building Roofs

作　　者：孙宏彦 谢军飞 舒健骅 李延明 SUN Hongyan;XIE Junfei;SHU Jianhua;LI Yanming

机构地区：[1]北京市园林绿化科学研究院,北京100102 [2]北京市园林绿化科学研究院绿化植物育种北京市重点实验室,北京100102 [3]北京市园林绿化科学研究院城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100102 [4]北京市园林绿化科学研究院园林绿地生态功能评价与调控技术北京市重点实验室,北京100102

出　　处：《中国园林》2021年第9期54-58,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题“低碳宜居型建筑室外绿地建设技术研究”(编号2013BAJ02B01)资助。

摘　　要：半地下建筑覆土绿化是中国大城市应对土地资源匮乏和城市绿化率低的特色举措之一。通过构建半地下建筑进行顶板绿化,开展不同覆土厚度的生态效益研究,结果表明:1)覆土后,绿化生态效益显著优于不覆土对照,且土层越厚,生态效益越好,其中1.5m覆土生态效益最佳;2)覆土厚度与建筑屋顶内外能量流动负相关,与土壤蓄水能力正相关,0.5m以上覆土厚度处理可将屋顶热量交换降低80%~90%,可蓄积90%以上的雨水;3)覆土0.5m以上即可达到夏季降温、冬季保暖的显著效果,相比不覆土对照,夏季室温可降低2~3℃,冬季室温可升高1~3℃。研究结果可为我国地下空间覆土绿化土层厚度的确定和应用提供科学依据。Semi-underground building covered with greening soil is a characteristic measure to deal with the shortage of land resources and the low greening rate of cities in China. In this study, the ecological benefits of different thickness of covering greening soil were studied by constructing semi-underground buildings. The results showed that: 1) the ecological benefit of building covered with soil is significantly better than that without soil covering;and the thicker the soil layer was, the better the ecological benefit was. The ecological benefit of 1.5 m soil covering was the best;2) the thickness of covering soil was negatively correlated with energy flow inside and outside the building roof, but positively correlated with soil water storage capacity, and when the thickness of covering soil was more than 0.5 m, the heat exchange of roof can be reduced by 80%-90%, while more than 90% of rainwater can be stored;3) covering soil with thickness over 0.5 m can reduce the building indoor temperature in summer and keep warm in winter, and the room temperature was 2-3℃ lower in summer and 1-3℃ higher in winter than that without soil covering. This study can provide a scientific basis for formulating the thickness standard of greening soil layer on semi-underground spaces.

关 键 词：风景园林 半地下建筑覆土绿化 覆土厚度 生态效益 蓄积雨水 室内温度 热通量 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]