消费补贴对新能源汽车供应链研发的传导效应研究  

Study on the transmission effect of consumption subsidies on the supply chain R&D of the new energy vehicle industry

作　　者：何琳[1] 宋文卉 HE Lin;SONG Wenhui(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Accounting,Guangdong University of Finance&Economics,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]广东财经大学会计学院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《长安大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期73-84,共12页Journal of Chang'an University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目(18JDGLB001)。

摘　　要：各级政府投入千亿资金对新能源汽车产业进行的消费补贴,培育了消费市场,但是否促进了新能源汽车产业链的技术进步需要进一步研究。以2010~2020年间A股上市的汽车供应链238家企业为样本,采用倾向得分匹配法和多元回归方法,实证研究新能源汽车消费补贴对新能源整车上游零部件制造企业研发投入和研发产出的传导和激励效应。研究发现,设定技术门槛的消费补贴能够推动新能源供应链的技术创新行为,专利增长率和研发投入未跟随技术创新难度增大而呈现规律性波动,消费补贴促进了上游供应链企业持续加大研发投入,提高研发产出,在补贴退坡之后,企业的研发强度依然能够保持。研究表明,为扶持新能源汽车产业发展,政府需要继续重视新兴产业的消费补贴,利用资金传导传递市场预期的积极信息,激励企业技术研发行为;当产业发展趋向稳定,政府的消费补贴可以逐渐退坡,通过非货币补贴政策、加大相关基础设施建设等继续传递政策支持信号,激励企业持续进行技术创新,从而促进新能源汽车产业持续高质量发展。Governments at all levels have invested hundreds of billions of RMB in the form of consumption subsidies in the new energy vehicle industry,and cultivated the consumer market,but whether these measures have promoted the technological progress of the new energy vehicle industrial chain still requires further research.Based on the samples of 238 A-share listed vehicle supply chain enterprises from 2010 to 2020,this paper empirically studies the transmission and incentive effects of the Chinese government’s new energy vehicle consumption subsidies on the R&D input and output of new energy vehicle upstream parts manufacturing enterprises by using the propensity score matching method(PSM)and multiple regression method.The results show that the consumption subsidies with established technology thresholds can promote the technological innovation behaviors of new energy vehicle supply chain enterprises,while patent growth rate and R&D investment did not follow the increasing difficulty of technological innovation and showed regular fluctuations,thus promoting the upstream supply chain enterprises to increase R&D investment and improve R&D output.After the decline in the amount of subsidies,the R&D intensity of enterprises can still remain in the same level.The research suggests that the government should continue to pay attention to consumption subsidies of emerging industries,transmit the positive message of market expectations with capital,and stimulate the technological R&D behaviors of enterprises so as to support the development of the new energy vehicle industry.When the industrial development tends to stabilize,the government can gradually reduce the consumption subsidies,continue to send signals of policy support through non-monetary subsidy policies and stepping up relevant infrastructure construction,encourage enterprises to continue technological innovation,so as to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of the emerging new energy vehicle industry.

关 键 词：消费补贴 政府补贴 传导效应 倾向得分匹配法 新能源汽车 供应链 汽车产业 技术创新 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]