全面抗战时期内陆城市的疫病流行与社会应对——以1939年西安霍乱防治为例  

Epidemics and Social Response in Inland Cities during the Period of the War of Resistance Against Japan——Taking Xi′an Cholera Prevention and Control in 1939 as an Example

作　　者：吕强[1] 杨明悦 LV Qiang;YANG Ming-yue(School of Journalism and Communication,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi′an 710122,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学新闻传播学院,陕西西安710122

出　　处：《延安大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期99-107,共9页Journal of Yan'an University (Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“近代西北地方媒介传播西医防疫思想研究”(18CXW016)。

摘　　要：1939年西安爆发的霍乱最初并非是在陕西本地流行的,而是由战争造成的难、流民所引发的。从疫情处理的整体情况看,在1939年霍乱流行过程中,其救治过程与最后的防治效果较好。相较于1932年的霍乱,1939年的霍乱显然在流行速度、范围和危害上要轻缓许多。究其原因,一是政府的应对能力提升,主要表现为基层卫生院及疫情预警机制的创建;二是防疫手段的转变,主要表现为从先治后防发展到了先防后治。The cholera that broke out in Xi’an in 1939 was not originally an epidemic in Shaanxi,but was caused by refugees caused by the war.From the overall situation of the epidemic treatment,during the cholera epidemic in 1939,the treatment process and the final control effect were better.Compared with cholera in 1932,the epidemic speed,scope and harm of cholera in 1939 are obviously much lighter.The reasons are as follows First,the government’s response capabilities have improved,which is mainly manifested in the establishment of primary health centers and epidemic early warning mechanisms;the second is the transformation of epidemic prevention methods,which are mainly manifested in the development of treatment before prevention to prevention before treatment.

关 键 词：抗战爆发 霍乱 疫情预警机制 防疫手段 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]