气候变化背景下三尾凤蝶潜在适生区模拟及保护空缺分析  

Simulation of potential suitable distribution of Bhutanitis thaidina and its gap analysis of National Nature Reserves in China under climate change scenarios

作　　者：柳晓燕[1] 李秀山 赵彩云[1] 李飞飞 朱金方[1] 纪文婧 LIU Xiao-Yan;LI Xiu-Shan;ZHAO Cai-Yun;LI Fei-Fei;ZHU Jin-Fang;JI Wen-Jing(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]西华师范大学,教育部西南地区野生动植物保护重点实验室,四川南充637002

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2021年第5期1168-1177,共10页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006)。

摘　　要：三尾凤蝶Bhutanitis thaidina为中国珍稀濒危物种,明确三尾凤蝶栖息地分布并加以保护对于维持濒危蝶类种群稳定及物种多样性具有重要意义。本文基于三尾凤蝶分布数据和气候、高程、土地覆被等环境因子,运用MaxEnt模型预测了当前及未来气候情景下三尾凤蝶的潜在分布格局,基于国家级自然保护区与三尾凤蝶适生区叠加分析识别了保护空缺。研究结果表明:当前气候条件下,三尾凤蝶适生区主要分布于秦岭、大巴山、子午岭、黄龙山、横断山及其周边区域;土地覆被、年平均温、海拔是影响三尾凤蝶适生分布的主要影响因素;秦岭东南段、滇东北等地区存在较大面积的保护空缺。随着全球气候变暖,三尾凤蝶适生面积整体呈下降趋势,栖息地破碎化加剧,适生区被保护区覆盖面积依次降低,其保护现状进一步恶化。研究成果为在气候变化背景下开展我国三尾凤蝶等濒危蝶类物种保护与管理工作提供参考。Bhutanitis thaidina is a rare and endangered species in China.Determining the potential suitable distributions of endangered butterflies and protecting these areas have a great impact on maintaining the stability and the diversity of butterflies species.Based on distributions and environmental data,we used MaxEnt model to predicted the current suitabe areas for Bhutanitis thaidina as well as its future suitable areas under four future climate scenarios,and used spatial analysis tool to do the gap analysis of nature reserves(NRs)for the whole region.The results showed that:The suitable area of B.thaidina in China was concentrated in and around Qinling Mountains,Daba Mountains,Ziwuling Mountains,Huanglong Mountains,Hengduan Mountains.Lamduse,annual mean temperature and altitude was the most important environmental factor affecting the distribution of B.thaidina.The conservation gaps existed in southeastern Qinling Mountains and nouthwest Yunnan Area.Compared with the current period,the area of suitable area of B.thaidina showed a tendency to decrease in general as well as an obvious fragmentation,while the coverage of potential suitable areas decreased.The above research results could provide reference for protection and management of B.thaidina under future climate change background.

关 键 词：三尾凤蝶 MaxEnt模型 国家级自然保护区 适生区 保护空缺分析 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S89[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]