38840例住院患者血小板抗体筛查分析  

Analysis of platelet antibody screening in 38840 inpatients

作　　者：牛佳萌 马婷[2] 陈欣悦 邢莉莉 王文华 宋耀军[2] 杨江存[2] NIU Jiameng;MA Ting;CHEN Xinyue;XING Lili;WANG Wenhua;SONG Yaojun;YANG Jiangcun(Xi’an Medical University,Xi’an 710068;Department of Blood Transfusion,Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital,Xi’an 710068;Jiangsu Libo Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214434,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院,陕西西安710068 [2]陕西省人民医院输血科,陕西西安710068 [3]江苏力博医药生物技术股份有限公司,江苏无锡214434

出　　处：《细胞与分子免疫学杂志》2021年第8期736-740,共5页Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology

基　　金：陕西省科技成果转移与推广计划-获奖成果转化项目资助(2019CGHJ-09,2020CGH-029)。

摘　　要：目的通过检测分析血小板抗体在住院患者中的分布特征,探究血小板抗体产生原因,为提高输血质量提供数据支持。方法选取38840例患者,采用Capture-P固相检测体系检测血小板相关抗体,统计分析抗体阳性率。结果38840例住院患者中血小板抗体阳性者3989例,阳性率为10.27%。男女性患者阳性率分别为8.7%和11.5%,女性血小板抗体阳性率较高。年龄<18岁组患者,血小板抗体阳性率为6.98%,显著低于年龄≥66岁及18~65岁两组。有妊娠史及输血史患者阳性率均显著增高,分别为14.4%和14.7%。血液系统疾病及肝硬化消化道出血疾病阳性率高达20%以上。以血液内科、重症医学科、产科患者阳性率排前三名,阳性率分别为15.17%、14.97%及13.67%。B型和AB型患者的阳性率低于A型及O型。结论临床输注血小板时,应考虑患者的年龄、性别、病种、住院科别等因素对血小板抗体的影响,以减少无效输注的发生。Objective To detect and analyze the distribution characteristics of platelet antibodies in inpatients and explore the causes of platelet antibodies, so as to provide data support for improving the quality of blood transfusion. Methods A total of 38 840 patients were selected. The platelet-related antibodies were detected by Capture-P solid-phase detection system, and the positive rate of antibodies was analyzed statistically. Results Of the 38840 inpatients, 3989 were positive for platelet antibodies, with a positive rate of 10.27%. The positive rates of male and female patients were 8.7% and 11.5%, respectively. The positive rate of platelet antibodies in patients under 18 years old was 6.98% which was significantly lower than that in patients ≥66 years old and 18~65 years old. The positive rates of patients with pregnancy history and blood transfusion history increased significantly, which were 14.4% and 14.7%, respectively. The positive rate of patients with blood system diseases and liver cirrhosis with gastrointestinal bleeding diseases was over 20%. The positive rates of patients in the Hematology Department, Intensive Care Department and Obstetrics Department ranked the top three, with the positive rates of 15.17%, 14.97%, and 13.67%, respectively. The positive rates of platelet antibodies in patients with blood types B and AB were lower than those in patients with blood types A and O. Conclusion In clinical platelet transfusion, the influence of the patients’ age, gender, hospitalized diseases, hospitalized department and other factors on platelet antibodies should be considered to reduce the occurrence of platelet transfusion refractoriness.

关 键 词：血小板 血小板抗体 住院患者 血小板输注无效 

分 类 号：R331.143[医药卫生—人体生理学] R826.26[医药卫生—基础医学]