渭河宝鸡段及其支流和水渠水体中八种重金属元素含量的空间分布特征  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Contents of 8 Kinds of Heavy Metal Elements in the Water of Baoji Section of Wei River and Their Tributaries and Channel

作　　者：耿雅妮[1] 王国兰 金梓函 杨宁宁 张军[1,2] GENG Yani;WANG Guolan;JIN Zihan;YANG Ningning;ZHANG Jun(Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation,Baoji 721013,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Changan University,Key Laboratory of Arid Land Hydrology and Ecological Effects,Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710064,Shaanxi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,宝鸡文理学院,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,长安大学,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《湿地科学》2021年第4期414-422,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室(长安大学)开放基金项目(300102290504);陕西省社科界重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2020Z042);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(20JS010和18JS004)资助。

摘　　要：于2019年3月5~25日,在渭河宝鸡段及其各支流和宝鸡峡引渭渠中,设置了70个采样点;在各采样点,采集水样,测定水样中的重金属元素Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb含量,并分析8种重金属元素含量的空间分布规律和来源;采用重金属污染指数和水环境健康风险评价模型,评价渭河宝鸡段水体的重金属污染风险水平。研究结果表明,各采样点水体中的8种重金属元素含量都较小,未超过地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838—2002)中的Ⅱ类水域标准;清姜河和荫香河水体中重金属元素含量相对较大;各采样点水体中重金属污染指数平均值为91.061,渭河宝鸡段及其支流和水渠水体整体处于重金属轻度污染水平;各采样点水体重金属健康风险指数都在10-6~10-5之间,水体重金属污染健康风险等级为较低风险;河流和水渠中重金属元素Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb主要来源于周边工业生产和交通污染,As元素主要来源于农业面源污染。In order to explore the spatial distribution and pollution risks of heavy metal elements in the Baoji section of Wei River, 70 sampling sites were set in the Baoji section of Wei River and their tributaries from March 5 to 25, 2019. The contents of heavy metal elements of Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in water samples were determined, and the spatial distribution and sources were analyzed based on the method of spatial analysis and multivariate statistics. In addition, the risk level of heavy metals was analyzed by using heavy metal pollution index and water environmental health risk assessment model. The results showed that the contents of 8 kinds of heavy metal elements in the water at all sampling sites were low and didn’t exceed the water quality standard of "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard(GB 3838-2002)" Water Quality Class II. Contents of heavy metal elements in the water of Qingjiang River and Yinxiang River were higher relatively in the Baoji section of Wei River. The mean value of the heavy mental pollution index was 91.061,belonging to mild pollution and not exceeding the critical value of pollution. The total health risk indexes were 10-6-10-5, and the water in the Baoji section of Wei River was in a low health risk level. Moreover, the heavy metal elements of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb mainly came from surrounding industrial production and transportation pollution, and the heavy metal element of As mainly came from agricultural non-point source pollution.

关 键 词：河流 重金属 污染评价 健康风险评价 渭河宝鸡段 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]