黄河下游河漫滩和由其开垦的农田土壤碳、氮和磷含量  

Contents of Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soils in River Flat of Lower of the Yellow River and Farmland Cultivated from River Flat

作　　者：李英臣[1,2,3] 杨凤姣 李仪颖 王浩楠 朱红雷 于飞 侯翠翠[1,2,3] LI Yingchen;YANG Fengjiao;LI Yiying;WANG Haonan;ZHU Honglei;YU Fei;HOU Cuicui(Collage of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,P.R.China;Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,P.R.China;Puyang Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem,Henan Province,Puyang 457000,Henan,P.R.C)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]黄河流域生态治理与保护研究中心,河南新乡453007 [3]河南省濮阳黄河湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2021年第4期479-485,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41930643和41601534);国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFD0300203-3);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A180020);河南师范大学国家基金培育项目(2017PL10)资助。

摘　　要：于2018年6月13~14日,在黄河下游河南省郑州市狼城岗镇附近的天然河漫滩和由其开垦的已经耕种了13 a、24 a和33 a的农田中,分别设置了采样地;在各采样地,采集0~20 cm和20~40 cm深度的土壤样品,测定其有机碳、全氮和全磷含量,比较天然河漫滩和不同耕作年限的农田土壤中有机碳、全氮和全磷含量及其生态化学计量学特征。研究结果表明,与农田土壤相比,天然河漫滩0~20 cm和20~40 cm深度的土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量都最小;随着耕作年限增加,农田0~20 cm深度土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量都增大;在各采样地,20~40 cm深度土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量显著小于0~20 cm深度土壤;随着耕作年限增加,农田0~20cm深度土壤碳氮比呈单峰型变化,20~40 cm深度土壤碳氮比呈单谷型变化;与农田相比,天然河漫滩土壤的粉粒和黏粒含量都最小,砂粒含量最大;随着耕作年限增加,农田0~20 cm和20~40 cm深度土壤粉粒和黏粒含量增大,砂粒含量减小;土壤p H、粉粒含量、黏粒含量分别与土壤有机碳含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、碳磷比和氮磷比显著相关。The study was conducted during June 13 to 14 in June,2018.The investigated fields were nature river flat and farmlands with different cultivation years(13 years,24 years and 33 years),located in Langchenggang Town near Zhengzhou City,in the lower of the Yellow River.Soil samples at the depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm were collected to analyze the contents of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and their stoichiometry under different cultivation years.The results showed that the contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soils of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm in nature flat were the lowest.The contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus increased as cultivation years increased at 0-20 cm depth.The contents of organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were significantly lower than those at 0-20 cm depth at all the sampling sites.As cultivation years increased,the ratios of carbon and nitrogen in soils at 0-20 cm depth in farmland changed in a single peak type,while changing in a single valley type at 20-40 cm depth.The effect of cultivation years on ratios of carbon and nitrogen was not significant.Ratios of carbon and phosphorus and ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus gradually increased with cultivation years increasing.Cultivation years and soil layers all significantly affected ratios of carbon and phosphorus and ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus,and existed interactive effect.The slit and clay proportions in nature flat were lowest and the sand proportion was the highest.As cultivation years increased,the slit and clay proportions increased,corresponding the sand proportion decreasing.There were significant correlation among pH,slit and clay proportions and contents of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in soils,ratios of carbon and phosphorus,ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus.

关 键 词：河漫滩 开垦 农田 土壤 有机碳 氮 磷 黄河下游 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]