适宜汾河太原段河岸带香蒲、水蓼和萎蒿生长的土壤水分条件实验研究  

Experiment on Suitable Soil Moisture Conditions for Growth of Typha orientalis, Polygonum hydropiper and Artemisia selengensis in Riparian Zone of Taiyuan Section of Fen River

作　　者：刘璐 肖娟[1] 王林林 宁少雄 刘德利 LIU Lu;XIAO Juan;WANG Linlin;NING Shaoxiong;LIU Deli(College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《湿地科学》2021年第4期486-493,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221058)资助。

摘　　要：选择在汾河太原段河岸带生长的香蒲(Typha orientalis)、水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)和萎蒿(Artemisia selengensis)作为实验对象,于2019年3月15日至9月4日,在太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院室外实验棚内,在土壤深积水(植株全淹)、土壤浅积水(植株半淹)、土壤自然状况(土壤含水量为25%)、土壤轻度干旱(土壤含水量为15%)和土壤干旱(土壤含水量为5%)5种条件下,开展实验。在实验过程中,每15 d计算3种植物的存活率;在实验第30天、第60天、第90天、第120天和第150天,测定3种植物的株高、活叶片数、最大叶片长度和生物量。研究结果表明,在相同的土壤水分条件下,香蒲、水蓼和萎蒿的存活率不同,其中水蓼相对更耐淹,萎蒿相对更耐旱;在土壤深积水、土壤干旱和土壤半干旱条件下,3种植物的活叶片数和最大叶片长度在实验期间呈单峰型变化,株高和生物量都逐渐增大;在土壤自然状况下,3种植物的株高、活叶片数、最大叶片长度、生物量等都显著大于其它水分条件下的指标;与土壤深积水、土壤浅积水和土壤干旱条件下相比,在土壤轻度干旱条件下,水蓼和萎蒿的活叶片数、生物量、最大叶片长度以及萎蒿的株高都偏大;15%~25%的土壤含水量是适宜香蒲、水蓼和萎蒿生长的土壤含水量。Three kinds of plants(Typha orientalis, Polygonum hydropiper and Artemisia selengensis) in riparian zone of Taiyuan section of Fen River in Shanxi province were selected. Five kinds of soil moisture conditions were set up in the outdoor experiment shed in College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, including deep soil water accumulation(full submergence), shallow soil water accumulation(half submergence), nature condition(soil moisture content was 25%), mild drought(soil moisture content was 15%) and drought(soil moisture content was 5%) from March 15 to September 4, 2019.The survival rates of 3 kinds of plants were calculated every 15 days during the experiment. On the 30 th, 60 th,90 th, 120 th and 150 th day of the experiment, plant height, number of living leaves, maximum leaf length and biomass of Typha orientalis, Polygonum hydropiper and Artemisia selengensis were measured. The results showed that the survival rates of Typha orientalis, Polygonum hydropiper and Artemisia selengensis were different under the same soil moisture condition. Polygonum hydropiper was more tolerant to flooding, and Artemisia selengensis was more tolerant to drought. The number of living leaves and the maximum leaf length of the three kinds of plants showed a single peak growth trend in the experimental period, and the plant height and biomass showed an increasing trend under deep soil water accumulation, mild drought and drought conditions. Under the nature condition, the plant height, number of living leaves, maximum leaf length and biomass of the three kinds of plants were significantly better than those under other soil moisture conditions.Compared with deep soil water accumulation, shallow soil water accumulation and drought conditions, the number of living leaves, biomass and maximum leaf length of Polygonum hydropiper and Artemisia selengensis and plant height of Artemisia selengensis were better under mild drought condition. In conclusion, when the soil moisture content is 15%-25%,

关 键 词：河岸带 土壤水分条件 植物 生长指标 汾河 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] X171.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]