不同灌水量及停水时间对机采加工番茄果实成熟及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Irrigation Amount and Terminating Time on Maturity and Yield of Processing Tomato Harvested by Machine

作　　者：张占琴[1,2] 闫紫薇 杨相昆 李艳[1,2] 王建江 张力[1,2] ZHANG Zhanqin;YAN Ziwei;YANG Xiangkun;LI Yan;WANG Jianjiang;ZHANG Li(Crop Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000;Teaching Experiment Field,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物所,新疆石河子832000 [2]谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]河北农业大学教学实验场,河北保定071000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第17期8-14,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：兵团现代农业科技攻关资助项目(2016AC027);“兵团英才”第二周期第二层次培养人选资助项目;谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室基金资助项目(CQG2014-XJ04)。

摘　　要：以自育番茄品种"垦番1503"为试材,采取随机区组试验,研究膜下滴灌条件下不同灌水量和停水时间对加工番茄果实成熟及产量的影响,以期为加工番茄种植提供参考依据。结果表明:不同灌水量和停水时间对单果质量、果实红熟度、产量性状(产量、红果率、青果率、烂果率)均影响显著,对品质性状(果实可溶性固形物含量、番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、叶绿素含量)影响显著。加工番茄最佳收获时间为停水后14 d、最佳灌水量为4 875 m^(3)·hm^(-2),产量可达18.25×10^(4) kg·hm^(-2)、果实红熟度95.24%。青果率和烂果率均较低,果实可溶性固形物含量达5.43%,番茄红素含量达20.97 mg·(100g)^(-1)。A randomised group trial was conducted with‘Kenpan 1503’.The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different irrigation rates and water terminating times on the ripening and yield of processed tomatoes under drip irrigation conditions,in order to provide a reference basis for field management of processed tomatoes.The results demonstrated that different irrigation rates and water terminating times had significant effects on fruit weight,fruit maturity and yield traits(yield,red fruit rate,green fruit rate and rotten fruit rate).This included significant effects on quality traits (fruit soluble solid content,lycopene,β-carotene and chlorophyll content).The optimum harvest time for processing tomatoes was 14 d after water stoppage,with an optimum irrigation rate of4 875m3·hm^(-2),resulting in a yield of 18.25×10^(4) kg·hm^(-2) and 95.24%fruit ripeness.Green and rotten fruit rates were low,fruit soluble solid content reached 5.43%and lycopene content reached20.97mg·(100g)^(-1).

关 键 词：加工番茄 机械采收 灌水量 停水时间 果实成熟 产量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]