复杂地质构造区煤岩动力灾害机制与防控研究  

Mechanism of coal-rock dynamic disasters in complex geological structure areas and its prevention

作　　者：王正义 何江[2] WANG Zhengyi;HE Jiang(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Changzhou Institute of Technology,Changzhou 213032,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工学院土木建筑工程学院,江苏常州213032 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2021年第9期204-210,共7页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51634001);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究资助项目(20KJB440001);常州工学院科研基金资助项目(YN20038)。

摘　　要：为了防控复杂地质构造区煤岩动力灾害,以陕西彬长胡家河煤矿为工程背景,分析了复杂地质构造区工作面开采过程中的微震活动时空分布特征,研究了该条件下的煤岩动力灾害主控因素及发生机制,并提出了针对性的防控措施。结果表明:高能量微震主要发生在A3向斜轴部附近,高能量微震发生前,微震频次持续上升但能量表现为"平静"或下降趋势,可作为预测复杂地质构造区煤岩动力灾害发生的前兆信息;复杂地质构造区微震活动及动力显现的主控因素以构造应力为主导,同时受到回采扰动、多巷煤柱和采空区覆岩结构的耦合影响;工作面低速平稳推进配合超前卸压可有效防控该条件下的煤岩动力灾害。In order to prevent the coal-rock dynamic disasters in complex geological structure areas, the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of micro-seismic activities in the mining process of the working face in the complex geological structure area were analyzed by taking the Hujiahe Coal Mine in Shaanxi Province as the engineering background. Besides, the main control factors and occurrence mechanism of coal-rock dynamic disasters under this condition were studied, accompanying with the targeted prevention and control measures. The results show that the high-energy microseisms mainly occurred near the axis of A3 syncline. Before the occurrence of high-energy microseisms, the frequency of microseisms continued to rise, while the energy showed a"calm"or downward trend, which can be used as the precursor information to predict the coal-rock dynamic disasters in complex geological structural areas. In addition, the structural stress is contributed to the most leading controlling factors for micro-seismic activity and dynamic behaviors in complex geological structure areas, which also includes the mining disturbance,bearing coal pillar and overburden structure in goaf. The coal-rock dynamic disasters under this condition can be effectively prevented and controlled by excavating in a low and steady speed combined with the advanced pressure-relief measures.

关 键 词：动力灾害 复杂地质构造区 特厚煤层 微震 防控措施 

分 类 号：TD324.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]