基于复合磁性材料的磁饱和限流器性能优化设计及HVDC系统应用  

Performance Optimization Design and HVDC System Application of a Novel Hybrid Magnetic Material Based Saturated Core FCL

作　　者：周航[1] 袁佳歆[1] 季雨晴 陈凡[1] 张朝阳 ZHOU Hang;YUAN Jiaxin;JI Yuqing;CHEN Fan;ZHANG Zhaoyang(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北省武汉市430072

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2021年第18期6419-6430,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0902904);湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(2020CFA098);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BAB111)。

摘　　要：永磁偏磁型直流限流器(permanent magnet biased saturated core fault current limiter,PMFCL),简称永磁限流器,是一种有效解决柔性直流输电系统短路电流问题的技术手段。传统永磁限流器存在电感变化速度不快、变化倍数较小和永磁体退磁风险问题。针对上述问题,提出一种基于复合磁性材料的永磁偏磁型磁饱和限流器(hybrid soft magnetic material saturated core fault current limiter,HMFCL),具有响应速度快、阻抗增益倍数高和退磁风险低的优点。首先,深入分析传统永磁限流器性能存在缺陷的本质原因,建立等效电磁路方程,结合纳米非晶及硅钢片各自的性能特征,重构磁路拓扑结构以降低永磁体占磁性材料比例,提出复合磁性材料的三柱式永磁限流器拓扑结构,在确保永磁体工作稳定性的前提下,大大提高永磁限流器性能;其次,开展限流器本体参数分析设计及多组仿真分析工作;最后,搭建试验平台并开展试验验证。仿真和试验结果表明所提出的基于复合磁性材料的三柱式永磁限流器电感变化倍数较传统限流器提升3.5倍,故障电流水平降低50%。Permanent magnet biased type HVDC fault current limiter(PMFCL) is one of the most effective faults protecting methods of flexible HVDC transmission systems. However, the traditional PMFCL has a small inductance changing ratio and speed when a fault occurs. Demagnetization of PM inside the PMFCL might occur as well. Therefore, based on the issues mentioned above, this paper proposed a new structure of hybrid magnetic materials based three-limb PMFCL(HMFCL), which has fast responded speed, large inductance changing ratio and low PM demagnetization risk. First of all, according to the essential cause of performance defects in PMFCL, the equivalent circuits were built and analyzed. Combining the characteristic features of nanocrystalline alloy and silicon steel and reconstructing the magnetic topology, the inductance changing ratio and liming performance of the HMFCL would be greatly enhanced without compromising the stability of the PM. After that, parameter analysis and groups of simulations regarding electromagnetic models and HVDC system combination were performed. Finally, the effectiveness of the novel HMFCL topology was verified by prototype experiments. The result shows that the proposed HMFCL can have 3.5 times of inductance changing ratio compared with traditional PMFCL and can significantly restrict the fault current by 50%.

关 键 词：直流限流器 永磁体 纳米非晶 MMC-HVDC输电系统 

分 类 号：TM471[电气工程—电器]