黔东南州农村地区水碘及8~10岁儿童碘营养调查  

Survey on water iodine and iodine nutrition of children aged 8-10 years in rural areas of Qiandongnan Prefecture

作　　者：黄小琴 罗涛 王方林 龙英 HUANG Xiao-qin;LUO Tao;WANG Fang-lin;LONG Ying(Guizhou Provincial Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kaili,Guizhou 556000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州疾病预防控制中心,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第18期3304-3308,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解和掌握黔东南州农村地区生活饮用水水碘含量,监测分析8~10岁儿童碘营养状况,为采取针对性防治措施和科学调整干预策略提供依据。方法2017年对黔东南州农村地区203个乡镇992个村的2325个生活饮用水监测点采集水样测定水碘含量;2017-2020年每年随机抽取黔东南州农村地区80个乡镇80所小学的3200名8~10岁非寄宿儿童,检测尿碘、家中盐碘含量,并进行甲状腺容积B超检测。结果本次共检测水样2325份,水碘中位数为2.20μg/L,范围0.1~9.9μg/L,不同地区水碘水平差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=318.401,P<0.05)。共采集13003份8~10岁儿童尿样和盐样,尿碘中位数210.00μg/L;不同地区、不同性别尿碘中位数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1972.362,P<0.05)(χ^(2)=16.752,P=0.358>0.05),各年龄段尿碘中位数差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.056,P>0.05)。盐碘中位数27.10 mg/L,碘盐覆盖率99.92%、合格碘盐食用率95.82%,不同地区盐碘水平差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=850.64,P<0.05)。B超检查6507名8~10岁儿童,甲状腺肿大率1.55%,不同年龄阶段儿童甲状腺肿大率无统计学差异(χ^(2)=2.597,P=0.273>0.05)。结论黔东南州农村地区8~10岁儿童碘营养状况良好,但由于外环境长期缺碘,消除碘缺乏病必须长期坚持适宜于自身特点的补碘措施,使儿童碘营养处于一个较适宜水平,才能保证儿童免受碘缺乏病的危害。Objective To investigate the iodine content of drinking water in rural areas of Qiandongnan Prefecture,monitor and analyze the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8 to 10 years,and provide a basis for taking targeted prevention and control measures and scientifically adjusting intervention strategies.Methods Water samples were collected from 2325 drinking water monitoring sites in 992 villages from 203 townships in rural areas of Qiandongnan Prefecture in 2017 to determine water iodine content;3200 non-boarding children aged 8 to 10 years were randomly selected from 80 elementary school in 80 townships in rural areas of Qiandongnan Prefecture each year from 2017 to 2020 to test urinary iodine and salt iodine content at home and thyroid volume ultrasound testing.Results A total of 2325 water samples were tested,and the median water iodine level was 2.20μg/L,ranging from 0.1 to 9.9μg/L.The differences in water iodine levels between regions were statistically significant(χ^(2)=318.401,P<0.05).A total of 13003 urine and salt samples were collected from children aged 8 to 10 years,and the median urinary iodine level was 210.00μg/L.The differences in median urinary iodine levels between regions and genders were statistically significant(χ^(2)=1972.362,P<0.05)(χ^(2)=16.752,P=0.358>0.05),while the differences in median urinary iodine levels between age groups were not statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.056,P>0.05).The median salt iodine level was 27.10 mg/L.The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.92%and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.82%,with statistically significant differences in salt iodine levels between regions(χ^(2)=850.64,P<0.05).In total 6507 children aged 8 to 10 years were examined by ultrasound,with a goiter rate of 1.55%,with no statistically significant differences in goiter rates among children of different ages(χ^(2)=2.597,P=0.273>0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutrition status of children aged 8-10 years in rural areas of Qiandongnan Prefecture is good,but due to long-term

关 键 词：儿童 水碘 尿碘 盐碘 甲状腺容积 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学] R153.2[医药卫生—临床医学]