2020年苏州市法定传染病流行情况与近两年比较分析  

Comparing epidemic situation of notifiable diseases in Suzhou in 2020 with last two years

作　　者：覃江纯[1] 杭惠 崔朋伟[1] 王军荣 陈立凌[1] QIN Jiang-chun;HANG Hui;CUI Peng-wei;WANG Jun-rong;CHEN Li-ling(Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215004,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏苏州215004 [2]苏州大学医学部公共卫生学院,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第18期3421-3424,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：苏州市医学重点学科项目[流行病学(Szxk201516)];医疗健康大数据在疾病预防中运用的关键技术性研究(GSWS2019024);基于医疗健康大数据的传染病监测与预警关键技术研究(SS202073)。

摘　　要：目的分析比较2020年与近两年苏州市法定传染病流行病学特征,为后续制定防病策略及措施提供科学参考。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对2018—2020年苏州市法定传染病流行特征进行统计分析。结果2018—2020年苏州市无甲类传染病报告,乙丙类传染病每年发病数为69031例、64834例、38097例,发病率为646.12/10万、604.70/10万、354.39/10万,总体呈下降趋势(χ趋势2=8585.795,P<0.05)。2020年除新冠肺炎外,主要法定传染病有流感、手足口病、梅毒、其它感染性腹泻病、肺结核、肝炎;重点疾病谱与近两年基本一致,但报告发病数较近两年普遍下降。2020年发病数在1月呈现高峰值,随后2月大幅度下降,3—12月又逐渐回升,但2—12月发病水平均低于近两年。2020年发病较高地区为虎丘区、工业园区、张家港市、吴中区、吴江区,各地区报告发病较近两年均显著下降。2020年男性发病高于女性;年龄主要分布在0~34岁,尤其以<10岁人群为主;人群分类以散居儿童、幼托儿童、学生、家务及待业、农民为主,这些发病规律与近两年一致,但是发病数显著低于近两年水平。结论新冠肺炎防控政策下2020年苏州市法定传染病发病明显减少,公共场所提倡公众科学佩戴口罩、保持适当社交距离、学校加强健康监测、勤洗手多通风等措施确实带来了有效的抑制效果,为今后常态化传染病防控提供一定借鉴。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable diseases in Suzhou from 2018 to 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating disease prevention strategies and measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation and distribution characteristics of notifiable diseases in Suzhou from 2018 to 2020.Results From 2018 to 2020,no class A infectious diseases were reported in Suzhou,and the annual incidence of class B and C infectious diseases were 69031,64834,and 38097 cases,with incidence rates of 646.12/100000,604.70/100000,and 354.39/100000,with an overall decreasing trend(χ^(2) trend=8585.795,P<0.05).In 2020,in addition to COVID-19,the main notifiable diseases were influenza,hand,foot and mouth disease,syphilis,other infectious diarrheal diseases,tuberculosis,hepatitis;the spectrum of key diseases was basically consistent with the last two years,but the number of reported incidences generally decreased compared with the last two years.In 2020,the number of incidences showed a peak in January,followed by a significant decline in February,and then gradually increased from March to December.In 2020,the incidence of the disease was higher in Huqiu District,Industrial Park,Zhangjiagang City,Wuzhong District and Wujiang District,and the reported incidence in each district decreased significantly compared with the last two years.In 2020,the incidence was higher in males than in females;the age distribution was mainly 0-34 years old,especially in people<10 years old;the case population was mainly children living in the diaspora,children in childcare,students,homemakers and non-workers,and farmers.The incidence patterns were consistent with those of the past two years,but the number of incidences was significantly lower than those of the past two years.Conclusion The incidence of notifiable diseases in Suzhou in 2020 under the COVID-19 prevention and control policy was significantly reduced,and measures such as promoting the public to wear masks scien

关 键 词：法定传染病 发病率 流行病学特征 防控 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]