麦秸对湖羊瘤胃发酵代谢及肠道组织形态的影响  

Effect of wheat straw feeding on rumen fermentation metabolism and intestinal tissue morphology of Hu sheep

作　　者：陈希[1] 姜婉茹 叶平生[1] 王换换 闫书平 谢娜娜 聂信天[1] 张源淑[1] CHEN Xi;JIANG Wanru;YE Pingsheng;WANG Huanhuan;YAN Shuping;XIE Nana;NIE Xintian;ZHANG Yuanshu(Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Agriculture University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业农村部动物生理生化重点开放实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2021年第8期120-130,共11页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：十三五重点研发项目专项(2018YFD050190102);山羊规模化高效安全养殖关键技术集成与示范(2018YFD0501900)。

摘　　要：为探讨麦秸作为粗饲料的可行性,以苜蓿作为对照,通过对湖羊的饲喂试验分析麦秸对瘤胃发酵代谢及肠道组织形态的影响,测定湖羊的消化道内容物pH及重量、血液及瘤胃液脂多糖含量、瘤胃液酶活力、挥发性脂肪酸含量及脏器指数,并观察肠道组织形态。结果表明:1)与苜蓿干草组相比,麦秸组瘤胃pH显著降低(P<0.05),网胃、瓣胃、皱胃及肠道pH无显著差异;2)与苜蓿干草组相比,麦秸组瘤胃内容物重及占宰前活重比例极显著升高(P<0.01);3)两组湖羊瘤胃内容物和血液中脂多糖浓度均无显著性差异;4)麦秸组瘤胃内容物中木聚糖酶活力显著高于苜蓿干草组(P<0.01);5)两组湖羊瘤胃中挥发性脂肪酸含量无显著差异;6)两组湖羊脏器指数无显著差异;7)两组湖羊十二指肠、空肠和盲肠组织形态无病理性变化。综上,与苜蓿相比,饲喂麦秸在一定程度上减缓了湖羊瘤胃排空速率,显著提高瘤胃木聚糖酶活力,促进纤维水解;饲喂苜蓿或麦秸均不会改变湖羊瘤胃发酵类型,不会影响瘤胃代谢及肠道组织形态,为麦秸在反刍动物上的合理利用提供了基础数据。In order to explore the feasibility of wheat straw as roughage,the effects of wheat straw on rumen fermentation metabolism and intestinal morphology of Hu sheep were analyzed by feeding experiment with alfalfa as control.The contents of digestive tract pH and weight,blood and rumen fluid lipopolysaccharide content,rumen fluid enzyme activity,volatile fatty acid content and organ index of Hu sheep were determined,and the intestinal morphology were observed.The results showed that:1)Compared with the alfalfa hay group,the rumen pH of the wheat straw group was significantly lower(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in reticulum,omasum,abomasum and intestinal pH;2)Compared with the alfalfa hay group,the weight of rumen content and the proportion of pre-slaughter live weight in the wheat straw group increased significantly(P<0.01);3)There was no significant difference in rumen contents and blood lipopolysaccharide concentrations between the two groups;4)The xylanase activity in the rumen content of the wheat straw group was significantly higher than that of the alfalfa hay group(P<0.01);5)There was no significant difference in the content of volatile fatty acids between the two groups;6)There was no significant difference in the organ index between the two groups of Hu sheep;7)There were no pathological changes in the morphology of the duodenum,jejunum and cecum of the two groups of Hu sheep.In summary,compared with alfalfa,feeding wheat straw slowed down the rumen emptying rate of Hu sheep and significantly improved the activity of rumen xylanase and promoted fiber hydrolysis of Hu sheep in a certain extent.Feeding alfalfa or wheat straw will not change the type of rumen fermentation,rumen metabolism and intestinal tissue morphology of Hu sheep,which provides basic data for the rational utilization of wheat straw in ruminants.

关 键 词：湖羊 麦秸 瘤胃发酵 肠道组织形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]