梨树腐烂病拮抗真菌JK2的分离和鉴定  

Isolation and identification of endophytic fungus JK2 antagonistic against pear Valsa canker caused by Valsa pyri

作　　者：袁洪波 侯珲[1] 周增强[1] 王丽[1] 涂洪涛[1] YUAN Hongbo;HOU Hui;ZHOU Zengqiang;WANG Li;TU Hongtao(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第10期1760-1766,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：新疆兵团重大科技项目(2019AA004);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610192020105、1610192020403)。

摘　　要：【目的】分离鉴定对梨树腐烂病具有拮抗活性的内生真菌,为梨树腐烂病生物防治提供新的资源菌。【方法】利用组织分离法从梨树腐烂病发病枝条中分离内生菌,通过平板对峙实验筛选对梨树腐烂病菌具有拮抗作用的菌株。结合形态学和分子生物学手段,分析和确定拮抗菌株的种属。利用离体梨树枝条鉴定拮抗内生真菌对腐烂病的防治效果。【结果】从梨树腐烂病发病枝条中分离获得一株对梨树腐烂病菌具有强烈拮抗活性的菌株JK2,抑制率超过95%。JK2上清液对梨树腐烂病菌同样具有抑制活性。经鉴定,菌株JK2为青霉属产紫青霉。离体梨树枝条鉴定结果显示,JK2对梨树腐烂病具有良好的防治效果。【结论】从梨树腐烂病发病枝条中分离获得一株具有拮抗活性的内生真菌JK2,该菌株是一株新的梨树腐烂病生防菌资源,具有潜在的应用价值。【Objective】Pear is one of the most important fruits in China,where both the growing area and production of pear rank first in the world.However,the pear tree is frequently infected with certain microbial pathogens during growth.Pear Valsa canker disease is one of the most destructive diseases in the main production area in China,and poses a great threat to pear production.Pear Valsa canker disease is caused by fungus Valsa pyri.The pathogen can infect host bark wounded by injury,making plants exhibit reddish-brown,water-soaked,softened,and decayed symptoms.In some cases,it even can cause the whole plant death,resulting in severe production and economic losses.In recent years,pear canker disease has become more common and serious in most of planting regions of China and the development of pear industry has been greatly affected by this disease.Chemical control of this disease is still one of the most common and effective methods.However,due to the long-term use of chemical fungicides,it could increase the selection pressure on the presence of fungicides resistant isolates.In addition,it could result in environmental pollution,which greatly threatens the food safety.Therefore,it is urgently needed for new methods or means to replace chemical control of plant diseases in production.Biocontrol of plant diseases with endophytes has the characteristics of safety,low toxicity and high efficiency,which has always been the direction and hot spot of plant diseases control research.The aim of this study is to isolate and identify endophytic fungi antagonistic against pear Valsa canker caused by V.pyri,thereby providing new biocontrol fungi resources.【Methods】The pear branch infected with V.pyri was collected from Korla city,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions and used to isolate entophytic fungi by tissue separation method.The isolated entophytic fungi were screened by plate confrontation experiment culture method,to select strains antagonistic against pear Valsa canker caused by V.pyri.The supernatant of antagonistic

关 键 词：梨树腐烂病 内生真菌 拮抗活性 产紫青霉 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]