加工鲜食兼用超软籽石榴新品种酸美的选育  

A new fresh-eating and processingsuper soft-seed pomegranate cultivar Suanmei

作　　者：李好先[1] 曹尚银[1] 陈利娜[1] 姚方 周桃龙 袁新征 姚岗 LI Haoxian;CAO Shangyin;CHEN Lina;YAO Fang;ZHOU Taolong;YUAN Xinzheng;YAO Gang(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Henan Forestry Vo-cational College,Luoyang 471002,Henan,China;Xichuan County Forestry Bureau,Nanyang 473000,Henan,China;Xin’an County Shijing Agricultural Service Center,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Henan Danshengyuan Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Nan-yang 473000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]河南林业职业学院,河南洛阳471002 [3]淅川县林业局,河南南阳473000 [4]洛阳市新安县石井镇农业服务中心,河南洛阳471000 [5]河南丹圣源农业开发有限公司,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第10期1813-1816,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-201X-ZFRI-03);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110421)。

摘　　要：酸美是以国外引进品种以色列软籽酸为母本、软籽石榴主栽品种突尼斯软籽为父本,通过人工杂交选育而成的加工鲜食兼用超软籽新品种。果形指数1.1,近圆形,平均单果质量505 g,特大果型,纵径97.36 mm,横径85.86 mm;果皮光洁明亮,果面黄绿色底向阳面红色,果皮厚度3.56 mm;籽粒红色,汁多味酸甜,百粒质量38.8 g,核仁超软(硬度1.4 kg·cm^(-2));可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15.9%,可溶性糖含量11.9%,抗坏血酸含量8.89 mg·100 g-1,总酸含量(以柠檬酸计)18 g·kg^(-1),氨基酸总含量8.40 g·kg^(-1)。河南郑州9月下旬成熟,极易成花结果,丰产性较强。该品种树势强健,树姿开张,树冠半圆形,枝条半直立。Suanmei(Punica granatum L.)is a new pomegranate cultivar selected by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.It wasselected from artificial cross breeding of Yiselieruanzisuan which was introduced to China in 1996 and Heizitian which was selected from Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone Shaanxi province.Cross-fertilize were proceeded in 2003,and 730 hybrid seedlings were obtained.In April 2004,they were planted in the Dried Fruit Germplasm Resource Garden of Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.After years of observing growth habits,an excellent single plant 11-05-116 was found in 2010.Through three consecutive years of phenological period and fruit quality investigation,11-05-116 had excellent performance in fruit quality,high yield,and stability.In 2013,we began to conduct regional trials by grafting to 8-year-old trees,and propagated more than 1000 seedlings through twig cuttings.In 2013,we established a growing test garden for the superior line of Suanmei soft-seed pomegranate.In the spring of 2013,in Liugou village,Gaocun town,Xingyang city,3308-year-old pomegranate trees were grafted by the method of high grafting and variety replacement,with a row spacing of 3.5 m×3.5 m,to establish a pilot district.In the spring of 2013,about 2000 m2 of seedlings were planted in Laocheng town of Xichuan county,Shanyang district of Jiaozuo city,and Xin’an county of Luoyang city.At the same time,Tunisiruanzi soft-seed pomegranate was used as a control.The excellent strain fruit had beautiful appearance and sweet-sour taste.It was named as Suanmei softseed pomegranate in 2020.Fruit shape index of the strain was 1.1,nearly round.Average weight of single fruit was 505 g,extra-large fruit type.Longitudinal diameter was 97.36 mm,and transverse diameter was 85.86 mm.The fruit surface was bright and clean,the background color of the fruit was yellowgreen,and the skin facing the sun was red.The thickness of the skin was 3.56 mm.

关 键 词：石榴 新品种 酸美 加工鲜食兼用 超软籽 

分 类 号：S665.4[农业科学—果树学]