基于DSSAT模拟的冬小麦作物水分利用效率评价指标分析  

Evaluation Index of Winter Wheat Water Use Efficiency Analysis Based on DSSAT Simulation

作　　者：史源[1] 白美健[1] 李益农[1] 李亦凡[1] 刘亚南 戴玮[1] SHI Yuan;BAI Mei-jian;LI Yi-nong;LI Yi-fan;LIU Ya-nan;DAI Wei(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第9期1-6,11,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：兵团科技攻关项目(2019AB035);国家自然科学基金项目(52009143)。

摘　　要：作物水分利用效率,是农业节水研究的主要指标之一,为研究分析不同的华北地区冬小麦作物水分利用效率评价指标之间的相关性及其适应性,采用作物生长模型DSSAT,基于田间试验数据率定优选的参数,采用数值模拟的形式,模拟地面灌溉条件下不同水平年华北地区冬小麦生长过程及产量分布,获得不同灌溉制度情景方案下的作物模拟产量,基于模拟结果,分析评价作物水分生产率WP、灌溉水分生产率WUE_(ti)、广义水分利用效率WUE_(u)、灌溉水利用效率WUE_(I)等4个评价指标值。结果表明:WP、WUE_(ti)、WUE_(u)数值都呈现随灌溉定额先增加再减少的趋势,较为全面地体现了产量与耗水量的关系,WP的计算较为复杂,数据指标获取难度及误差积累可能会影响结果可靠性,建议谨慎使用。WUE_(I)不考虑自然降雨对产量的贡献,虚高计算了灌溉对产量的贡献,数值偏大,不推荐使用。从各指标之间的相关性分析,WUE_(ti)、WUE_(u)相互之间及与其他指标之间的相关系数较好(P<0.05),并且其物理意义更符合灌溉定额和灌水定额对产量的影响关系,可以较为全面的反应作物水分利用效率,推荐作为评价灌溉制度的指标。The crop water use efficiency(WUE)is one of the key indicators for the water saving agriculture research.In order to study and analyze the relevance and adaptability of different winter wheat water use efficiency evaluation index in North China,this paper apply the solution of DSSAT model for the analysis and evaluation of water productivity(WP),irrigation water productivity(WUE_(ti)),broad water use efficiency(WUE_(u)),irrigation water use efficiency(WUE_(I)),etc.The growing process and yield under different cases in diverse design level years were simulated.It was found that WP,WUE_(ti) and WUE_(u) all increased first and then decreased with the increased of irrigation quota,which comprehensively reflected the relationship between yield and water consumption.The calculation of WP was computationally complex,and the difficulty of obtaining data indicators and error accumulation might negatively affect the reliability of results,so it was recommended to use it with caution.WUE_(I) was not recommended to use because it overlooked the effect of precipitation to yield,and the contribution of irrigation to yield would be bigger than it actually was.From the aspect of the correlation analysis between the indexes,the correlation coefficients of WUE_(ti) and WUE_(u) between each other and with other indicators were better(P<0.05),and the physical meanings had good accord with the influence of irrigation quota and irrigation quota on yield.So they were recommended to be the evaluation index of irrigation scheduling.

关 键 词：作物水分利用效率 灌溉 DSSAT模型 冬小麦 评价指标 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S147.22[农业科学—农业工程]