肥液种类及浓度对滴灌施肥系统水力性能的影响  

Effect of Fertilizer Type and Concentration on Hydraulic Performance of Drip-fertigation System

作　　者：罗莉 王浩翔 张新燕[1,3] 张秋雨 李斌 LUO Li;WANG Hao-xiang;ZHANG Xin-yan;ZHANG Qiu-yu;LI Bin(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;Wenzhou Wenruiping Water System Management Center,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang Province,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]温州市温瑞平水系管理中心,浙江温州325000 [3]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点试验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第9期57-60,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400202);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201910712216)。

摘　　要：为探索肥料因素对滴灌施肥系统水力性能的影响,通过试验研究了肥液种类和浓度对滴灌带滴头流量和均匀度等水力特性的影响。结果表明:滴灌出流特性受肥料溶解性能影响,溶解性能越好,影响越小;水溶肥因其全溶于水的特性,对出流基本无影响,是滴灌施肥的首选肥料种类;复合肥随浓度增大,滴头平均相对流量Dra和灌水均匀度系数CU减小,且浓度越大,Dra、CU减小越大,堵塞率增大,滴灌带堵塞风险加大;不同温度复合肥加肥浓度阈值不同,10℃、20℃、30℃、40℃时其浓度阈值分别为4.0 g/L、5.0 g/L、7.0 g/L和8.0 g/L。实际应用中滴灌施肥系统根据温度等环境条件选取相应肥液浓度可控制系统堵塞风险。In order to explore the influence of fertilizer factors on the hydraulic performance of drip irrigation fertilization system,the effects of different fertilizer types and concentrations on the hydraulic characteristics of emitter flow rate and uniformity were studied by experiments.The results show that the discharge characteristics of drip irrigation are affected by the solubility of fertilizer,and the better the solubility is,the less the influence is.Water-soluble fertilizer is the preferred fertilizer for drip irrigation because it is completely soluble in water and has no effect on the outflow.With the increase of the concentration of compound fertilizer,the Dra and CU of emitter decreased,and the higher the concentration,the greater the decrease of Dra and CU,the higher the blocking rate,and the higher the blocking risk of drip irrigation belt.The concentration threshold of compound fertilizer is different at different temperatures.At 10℃,20℃,30℃ and 40℃,the concentration threshold is 4.0 g/L,5.0 g/L,7.0 g/L and 8.0 g/L,respectively.In the practical application of drip irrigation fertilization system,the corresponding concentration of fertilizer solution can be selected according to the temperature and other environmental conditions to control the blockage risk of the system.

关 键 词：滴灌施肥 堵塞 水肥一体化 滴灌系统水力性能 肥液种类 肥液浓度 浓度阈值 温度 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]