超临界CO_(2)喷染方法和装置的研究进展  

Research Progress of Supercritical CO_(2) Spray Dyeing Method and Device

作　　者：高召涛 王威强[1,2,3] 胡德栋[3] 孙发玉 易绍兴 GAO Zhaotao;WANG Weiqiang;HU Dedong;SUN Fayu;YI Shaoxing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Shanda-Lunan Research Institute of Supercritical Fluid Technology,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;School of Electromechanical Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院,山东济南250061 [2]山东大学鲁南超临界流体技术研究所,山东济南250061 [3]青岛科技大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《轻工机械》2021年第5期1-7,共7页Light Industry Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(21676162)。

摘　　要：超临界CO_(2)染色技术从根本上解决了水污染严重的问题,在超临界CO_(2)染色方法中,超临界CO_(2)喷染方法因结合了传统喷染和超临界CO_(2)染色方法的优点,具有广阔的应用前景。笔者首先对多种超临界CO_(2)喷染方法进行了阐述,其共同特点为溶解有染料的超临界CO_(2)经过喷嘴喷向被染物,在快速降压膨胀区实现被染物的上染。其次,笔者对基于不同喷染方法的喷染装置进行了介绍,包括:多孔式纺布喷染装置、纱线喷染装置、旋转式对喷染色器、单喷嘴对喷染色装置及收放式对喷染色器。最后,笔者提出今后应从以下几方面深入研究:如何实现喷染设备工业化;大型设备内部流场的上染符合性和均匀性是否能够满足染色上染率和均匀度要求;迷宫密封处的泄漏量是否在可控范围内。Supercritical CO_(2) dyeing technology fundamentally solves the problem of serious water pollution.Among the supercritical CO_(2) dyeing methods,supercritical CO_(2) spray dyeing method has broad application prospects because it combines the advantages of traditional spray dyeing and supercritical CO_(2) dyeing methods.A variety of supercritical CO_(2)spray dyeing methods were described.The common feature is that supercritical CO_(2) dissolved with dye is sprayed to the dye through the nozzle,and the dying process is realized in the rapid decompression expansion zone.Secondly,the spray dyeing devices based on different spray dyeing methods were introduced,including porous fabric spray dyeing device,yarn spray dyeing device,rotary counter spray dyeing device,single nozzle counter spray dyeing device and retractable counter spray dyeing device.Finally,the following aspects should be further studied in the future:how to realize the industrialization of spray dyeing equipment,whether the dyeing compliance and uniformity of the flow field in large equipment can meet the requirements of dyeing uptake and uniformity,and whether the leakage at the labyrinth seal is within the controllable range.

关 键 词：喷染装置 超临界CO_(2)喷染 喷染方法 染色上染率 染色均匀度 

分 类 号：TS193.59[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]