低密度聚酰胺/PP复合材料制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of Low Density Polyamide/PP Composites

作　　者：徐显骏 杨硕 叶少勇 龙杰明 麦杰鸿 姜苏俊 曹民 Xu Xianjun;Yang Shuo;Ye Shaoyong;Long Jieming;Mai Jiehong;Jiang Sujun;Cao Min(Guangdong Key Laboratory for Specialty Engineering Plastics,Kingfa Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,China;Zhuhai Vanteque Specialty Engineering Plastics Co.,Ltd.,Zhuhai 519050,China)

机构地区：[1]金发科技股份有限公司,广东省特种工程塑料重点实验室,广州510663 [2]珠海万通特种工程塑料有限公司,广东珠海519050

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2021年第10期50-55,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：为了获得性能优异的轻量化材料,通过熔融加工的方式将低密度聚酰胺(PA1010)和聚丙烯(PP)制备成合金,研究了PP含量对PA1010/PP合金的结晶行为和力学性能的影响。通过加入空心玻璃微珠(HGM)制备了PA1010/PP/HGM复合材料。该复合材料的密度降低,同时研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)对HGM和基体界面相互作用的影响。差示扫描量热测试结果显示,PP的引入抑制了PA1010的结晶,而率先结晶的PA1010的异相成核作用促进了PP的结晶,提高了PP的结晶温度和结晶度。力学性能测试结果显示,当PP质量分数为30%时,合金的缺口冲击强度为13 kJ/m^(2);而加入质量分数为15%的HGM后复合材料的缺口冲击强度降低至2.7 kJ/m^(2)。显微观察发现当PP质量分数为30%时,PA1010/PP复合材料形成了特殊的相结构,从而导致复合材料具有较高的缺口冲击强度;但是由于HGM与基体树脂的界面结合较差,PA1010/PP/HGM复合材料的冲击性能急剧降低。通过在PA1010/PP/HGM中引入PP-g-MAH来增加HGM与基体树脂的界面结合作用,PA1010/PP/HGM复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高了133%,密度降低至0.84 g/cm3,获得了低密度、力学性能优异的轻量化复合材料。Low density polyamide(PA1010)and polypropylene(PP)alloy were prepared by melting process to obtain light-weight materials.The effects of PP content on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of the materials were investi-gated.Furthermore,PA1010/PP/HGM composites were prepared to reduce the density of the composites by adding hollow glass microspheres(HGM).The effects of maleic anhydride grafting polypropylene(PP-g-MAH)on the interaction between HGM and matrix were studied.Dynamic scanning calorimetry(DSC)test results show that PP inhibited the crystallization of PA1010,while the crystallization temperature and crystallinity of PP are increased,because the crystalline grain of PA1010 promoted the crystal-lization of PP via a process of heterogenous nucleation.The mechanical testing results show that the alloy is achieved with notched impact strength of 13 kJ/m^(2) when PP content is 30%.When HGM with mass fraction of 15%is added,the notch impact strength of PA1010/PP/HGM composite is decreased to 2.7 kJ/m^(2).Further microscopic observation show that special phase structures are formed when the PP content reaches 30%,which leads to good impact strength of the composite.The poor interface bonding be-tween HGM and matrix resins causes the impact strength of PA1010/PP composite decreases sharply.PP-g-MAH is introduced into PA1010/PP/HGM to increase the interfacial bonding between HGM and matrix resin,the notch impact strength of the PA1010/PP/PP-g-MAH/HGM composites increases by 133%,and the density reduces to 0.84 g/cm3 by introducing PP-g-MAH,light-weight composites with low density and excellent mechanical properties are obtained.

关 键 词：聚酰胺 聚丙烯 空心玻璃微珠 低密度 结晶 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]