阻燃型室内用木塑复合材料制备与性能  

Preparation and Performance of Flame-Retardant Indoor Wood-Plastic Composite Materials

作　　者：张爱丽[1] 林梅[2] Zhang Aili;Lin Mei(Anyang Vocational and Technical College,Anyang 455000,China;School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳职业技术学院建筑工程系,河南安阳455000 [2]兰州理工大学土木工程学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2021年第10期148-152,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(300102211507)。

摘　　要：以高密度聚乙烯(PE–HD)、杨木木粉(WF)为原料,聚磷酸铵(APP)、二氧化硅、氯化铵为阻燃剂,其中二氧化硅经过硅烷偶联剂改性处理,制备出阻燃型室内用木塑复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析、力学测试等手段对其阻燃、力学性能进行研究分析。研究发现,二氧化硅经过KH550处理后,对应FTIR峰发生变化,说明二氧化硅被有效改性,以APP、改性二氧化硅和氯化铵作为阻燃剂,可以有效提高木塑复合材料的阻燃性能,当WF,PE–HD,APP,氯化铵,二氧化硅的质量分数分别为40%,40%,16.4%,1.6%,2%时获得的复合材料的阻燃性最优,LOI相较于未加阻燃剂的复合材料提高了37.9%,阻燃木塑复合材料成炭率明显增加,750℃时成炭率增长率达到163%;拉伸强度提高了12.7%,弯曲强度提高了6.96%,冲击强度提高了31.8%。Flame retardant indoor wood plastic composites were prepared with high-density polyethylene(PE-HD)and poplar wood powder(WF)as raw materials,ammonium polyphosphate(APP),silicon dioxide(SiO2),and ammonium chloride(NH4Cl)as flame retardants in which SiO2 was coupled by silane coupling agent.Agent modification treatment to prepare flame-retardant indoor wood-plastic composite materials.Through limiting oxygen index,Fourier Transform infrared absorption spectroscopy(FTIR),ther-mogravimetric analysis,mechanical testing and other methods,the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties were studied and analyzed.The study finds that after SiO2 is treated by KH550,the corresponding peak position curve of the infrared spectrum changes,indicating that SiO2 is effectively modified.Using APP,modified SiO2 and NH4Cl as flame retardants can effectively im-prove the flame retardancy of wood-plastic composites.When the fraction of WF,PE-HD,APP,NH4Cl,SiO2 is 40%,40%,16.4%,1.6%,2%,respectively,the flame retardancy of the flame-retardant composties are the best.At this time,LOI increase by 37.9%compared composites with the unblocked,the flame-retardant composties carbon formation increase significantly,and the carbon formation growth rate reaches 163%at 750℃,the tensile strength of the flame-retardant composties increase by 12.7%,the bending strength increase by 6.96%,and the impact strength increase by 31.8%.

关 键 词：木塑复合材料 聚磷酸铵 二氧化硅 改性 阻燃 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]