西藏山南地区农牧交错带草畜供求关系  

Relationship between forage supply and livestock demand in the farming–pastoral zone of the Tibetan Shannan region

作　　者：乔福云 陈莹莹 郅堤港 李捷 郭正刚[1] QIAO Fuyun;CHEN Yingying;ZHI Digang;LI Jie;GUO Zhenggang(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第9期1850-1859,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502005);西藏牧草种质改良与利用重大专项(XZ201901NA03)。

摘　　要：西藏山南地区是典型的高海拔农牧交错带,受自然环境和生态脆弱性的制约,草畜供求关系随生态保护的需求而变化。根据地区生态条件和草地资源状况,本研究以生态保护为前提,采用不同日食量的方法,分析了不同县域(以农为主的贡嘎县和以牧为主的浪卡子县)的草畜供求关系。结果表明,2015−2017年贡嘎县和浪卡子县的饲草供给量和粗蛋白质供给量均不能满足畜牧业经济生产和生态保护为目标的需求量,草畜供求关系不平衡。为此,提出了扩大紫花苜蓿种植面积或调草和减少家畜数量的草畜供求平衡方案,可为西藏山南地区农牧交错带生态保护与畜牧业经济的可持续发展提供科学依据。The Tibetan Shannan region is a typical farming-pastoral zone at a high-altitude.Due to the harsh environment and ecological fragility,the relationship between forage supply and livestock demand varies with the requirements of ecological protection in this region.Based on the regional ecological conditions and the status of grassland resources,this study used two different daily feed intakes for livestock(the daily feed intake for ecological protection and the daily feed intake for livestock economic production)to analyze the relationship between forage supply and livestock demand in different counties;this study focused on agriculture in Langkazi County and livestock demand in Gongga County.The forage and crude protein supplies during 2015–2017 were lower than the livestock requirements for forage and crude protein under the daily feed intake for ecological protection or daily feed intake for livestock economic production in Langkazi and Gongga County,and the relationship between forage supply and livestock demand was not in a balanced state.Therefore,this study proposed a scheme to balance the forage supply and livestock demand though expansion of alfalfa pasture area,purchasing forage from other areas,or reduction of livestock number.These results can provide a scientific basis for ecological protection and livestock economic production in the typical farming-pastoral zone of the Tibetan Shannan region.

关 键 词：饲草供应量 家畜数量 草畜供求关系 粗蛋白质 栽培草地 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学]