选矿废水的净化处理技术及机理研究进展  

Research Progress on Purification Technology and Mechanism of Mineral Processing Wastewater

作　　者：胡静文 王艳红 顾帼华[1] 吴弼朝 HU Jingwen;WANG Yanhong;GU Guohua;WU Bichao(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]武汉科技大学国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2021年第4期35-42,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室开放基金课题资助(HB201903);湖南省自然科学基金(2019JJ50835)。

摘　　要：选矿废水是矿山环境污染的主要来源之一,废水中残留的浮选药剂大多都是难降解的有机化合物,这些化合物通常都具有较强的生物毒性且不易自然降解,如果直接排放到自然环境中,将会对环境和水体造成严重的污染,而经过有效处理后,可达到废水排放标准,还可回用到选矿过程中。本文从选矿废水的具体来源、特点以及危害展开深入探析,综述了物理处理法、化学处理法和生物处理法中常见的废水处理方法及其机理,主要有物理吸附法、过滤法、好氧-厌氧降解、Fenton氧化和过硫酸盐高级氧化法等。并对选矿废水中的难降解有机化合物的处理所取得的成绩和其中的不足进行了总结,展望今后选矿废水处理技术的研究发展方向,开发和应用经济、高效和绿色的选矿废水处理技术,是减轻选矿废水对环境的污染,保护环境,实现对选矿废水低成本有效治理的关键。Mineral processing wastewater is one of the main sources of mine environmental pollution.Most of the residual flotation reagents in the waste water are difficult to degradation of organic compounds which are usually have stronger biological toxicity and difficult to natural degradation.If discharged directly into the natural environment,it will cause serious pollution to environment and water body.After effective treatment,it can meet the wastewater discharge standard and can be reused in the process of mineral dressing.In this paper,the specific sources,characteristics and hazards of mineral processing wastewater were deeply analyzed.Several common wastewater treatment methods and their mechanisms in physical,chemical and biological treatment methods were reviewed,including physical adsorption method,filtration method,aerobic-anaerobic degradation,Fenton oxidation,advanced persulfate oxidation method and so on.The achievements and the deficiencies of refractory organic compounds treatment in ore dressing wastewater's are summarized.The future research and development direction of mineral processing wastewater treatment technology are prospected.The development and application of economic,efficient,green mineral processing wastewater treatment technology are the key to reduce mineral processing wastewater pollution to the environment.protect the environment and achieve low cost and effective treatment of mineral processing wastewater.

关 键 词：选矿废水 废水处理 高级氧化技术 

分 类 号：TD926.5[矿业工程—选矿]