WTO改革:代表性成员立场比较与前景展望  

WTO Reform:Position Comparison of Representative Members and the Prospect

作　　者：吴朝阳[1] 吴婵 WU Zhaoyang;WU Chan(Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学

出　　处：《国际贸易》2021年第9期61-68,共8页Intertrade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“规制经济学视角下多边贸易治理体制改革及其对策研究”(19BJL106)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：WTO正面临着前所未有的困难与挑战,对WTO改革的呼声日渐高涨。目前,欧盟和中国已就WTO改革发布了正式的方案,加拿大发布了讨论性文件,美国也表明了自身立场。文章通过对WTO代表性成员改革立场的梳理,发现在改进WTO运行机制、实行开放的诸边主义、加强透明度建设、推进渔业补贴和电子商务规则谈判等方面,各成员分歧较少,易达成共识,而在争端解决机制、发展议题、国有企业和产业政策等方面,各成员分歧较大,是改革的“关键性议题”,我国需为此做好预判。展望未来,由于主要成员在“关键性议题”上的分歧明显,加上新冠肺炎疫情等国际因素的影响,WTO改革将是一场持久战,但这也为各方更加深入地思考WTO改革问题提供了广阔空间,从而有望使最终改革方案更具价值。WTO is facing unprecedented difficulties and challenges,and the voice for WTO reform is rising day by day.At present,the EU and China have issued formal plans on WTO reform,Canada has issued discussion paper,and the United States has also expressed its position.Through sorting out the representative members’WTO reform positions,this article found that there are few disagreements among the representative members on improving the WTO operation mechanism,implementing open plurilateralism,strengthening the transparency construction,promoting fishery subsidies and e-commerce rules negotiation,and it is easy to reach a consensus.There are many disagreements on dispute settlement mechanism,development issues,state-owned enterprises,industrial policies,etc.,which are the“key issues”of this round of reform.China needs to make a good prediction.Look forward to the future,WTO reform will be a protracted war because of the obvious disagreements between the main members on the“key issuses”and the impact of international factors such as COVID-19 pandemic.However,it will provide a broad space for all parties to think more deeply about WTO reform,which is expected to make the final reform plan more valuable.

关 键 词：WTO 多边主义 代表性成员 改革立场 

分 类 号：F743.1[经济管理—国际贸易] F125[经济管理—产业经济]