民事证据制度改革视角下司法鉴定制度的完善--兼论司法鉴定公信力的提高  

The Improvment of Civil Forensic Appraisal System from the Perspective of Civil Evidence Rules Reform-Also on the Improvment of Forensic Aprraisal Credibility

作　　者：杨小利[1] YANG Xiaoli(National Judges College,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]国家法官学院,北京100070

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2021年第5期9-19,共11页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

摘　　要：民事司法鉴定制度涉及民事证据制度和司法鉴定管理制度,其完善需要两种制度的“双向奔赴”。从产生之日起,两种制度对司法鉴定的含义有着不同的界定,从分歧走向统一的过程也是对鉴定制度的定位逐渐清晰的过程。沿着历史发展的脉络,对包括民事鉴定制度在内的民事证据制度改革进行梳理,以举证责任制度改革为中心的证据制度改革带来了鉴定制度各方面的完善。对于尚待解决的问题,则需从对鉴定制度的科学认知、司法鉴定人定位的明晰、鉴定释明权的内容以及鉴定与举证责任关系的明确得以实现。当然,制定一部《民事证据法》也是新时代的呼唤。Civil forensic appraisal system involves civil evidence system and forensic appraisal management system,and its improvement needs“coordinated rush”of the two systems.From the date of its emergence,the two systems have different definitions of its meaning,and the process from disagreement to unification is also the process of its positioning.Along the line of historical development,the reform of civil evidence system including the civil appraisal system is sorted out.The reform of the civil evidence system centered on the reform of burden of proof has brought improvement of the appraisal system in all aspects.For the problems to be solved,it is necessary to realize the scientific cognition of the appraisal system,the clear positioning of appraisers,the content of the right of appraisal interpretation and the clarification of the relationship between forensic appraisal and burden of proof.Of course,the enactment of Civil Evidence Law is also the call of the new era.

关 键 词：司法鉴定 举证责任 司法鉴定人 民事证据制度 司法鉴定公信力 

分 类 号：DF8[政治法律—法学]