非法经营罪适用于刷单平台的解释偏差与刑法治理的路径选择  

Improper Application of Illegal Business Operation to the Case of Click Farming Platform and the Proper Use of Criminal Law

作　　者：王博[1] Wang Bo(Law School,Dongbei Uniersity of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学法学院,辽宁大连116025

出　　处：《铁道警察学院学报》2021年第4期76-82,共7页Journal of Railway Police College

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“在线消费者评价法律问题研究”(20CFX060);辽宁省社会科学规划基金青年项目“网络消费信用评价体系的刑法保障研究”(L16CFX003)。

摘　　要：将《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第七条的规定作为非法经营罪适用于网络刷单平台的规范依据,存在解释偏差。虚假交易并不等于产生虚假信息。虚假交易是以电商平台为对象的虚构事实行为,虚假交易者与电商平台之间形成了类似于"诈骗"的双方关系构造,虚假交易信息仅在双方之间"内部"传播;商家等级与好评率的提升是电商平台被骗的结果,虚假交易者或刷单平台并未对外"发布虚假信息"。虚假交易后发表的"好评",只是利用"商业软文"、以模仿用户体验的方式展示商品的实际特征,由于好评内容通常并未违背商品的实际情况,不能被解释为虚假信息;虚假交易"非法获得评价资格"与好评内容"是否不实"是两个层面的问题,不应将好评简单等同于虚假信息。面对电子商务信用评价失范问题,刑法应保持自我克制,间接地参与到综合治理体系中更为妥当。It is improper to quote the Article 7 of Interpretation on the Application of Law in Criminal Cases Such as Defamation through Information Network as the normative basis for the application of crime of illegal business operation to click farming platform, because the false transaction does not mean the fabrication of misinformation. The fake transaction is a counterfeit action happened on e-commerce platform. The relationship between the trader and the platform is similar to that of"fraudulence", and the fake transaction information is only spread in both sides. The merchant cheats the e-commerce platform for credit rank and praise rate, and the traders and click farming platform do not released misinformation to the public. The"favorable comments"in fake transaction are just taken as"commercial soft articles", or actual features of goods by imitating user experience. If the praise does not exaggerate the actual goods, it should not be taken as misinformation. The"illegal"evaluation through fake transaction and the credibility of"favorable description"belong to different issues, and the former should not be taken as misinformation without check. As to the defect of e-commerce credit evaluation, the criminal law should be applied prudently, for it is more appropriate to be used in comprehensive governance system.

关 键 词：虚假交易 虚假信息 刷单平台 非法经营 虚假广告 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]