含盐沉积盆地挤压盐构造及其对油气成藏的意义  

Compressional salt structures of salt-bearing sedimentary basins and its significance to hydrocarbon accumulation

作　　者：王莉[1,2] 吴珍云 尹宏伟 董少春[3] 毕晨洁[1,2] 杨秀磊 王福远 刘松 Wang Li;Wu Zhenyun;Yin Hongwei;Dong Shaochun;Bi Chenjie;Yang Xiulei;Wang Fuyuan;Liu Song(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Earth Sciences,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学地球科学学院,南昌330013 [3]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210093

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2021年第5期136-150,共15页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41602208,42072320,41272227);东华理工大学博士启动基金项目(DHBK2019053)。

摘　　要：挤压盐构造是在区域挤压应力场作用下形成的一种重要的盐构造类型,对沉积盆地内油气的生成、运移和圈闭成藏等具有重要的影响。在过去几十年内,挤压盐构造研究取得了重要进展,有效指导了挤压型含盐沉积盆地油气藏勘探。在综合分析盐岩物理特性、挤压盐构造变形演化,以及盐构造形成对油气成藏分布影响的基础上,探讨了挤压盐构造变形演化特征,分析了国内外典型含盐褶皱冲断带及其油气成藏特征;通过对比国内外含盐褶皱冲断带盐构造及典型油气藏,总结出国内外典型的含盐褶皱冲断带盐岩层均参与了构造变形,使得由造山带向盆地腹地,构造变形由强烈基底卷入逆冲推覆变形逐步过渡到薄皮滑脱褶皱变形,并影响褶皱冲断带内油气成藏的分布。最后,分析了目前我国含盐褶皱冲断带盐构造研究存在的问题以及未来盐构造研究方向。The compressional salt structure is an important type of salt structure formed under the action of regional compressional stress field,which plays an important role in the generation,migration and trap accumulation of oil and gas in sedimentary basins.In the past few decades,important progress has been made in the study of compressional salt structures,which effectively guides the exploration of oil and gas reservoirs in compressional salt sedimentary basins.Based on the physical characteristics of salt rocks,deformation evolution of compressional salt structure and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation distribution,this paper discusses the deformation evolution characteristics of compressional salt structure,and analyzes the typical salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt at home and abroad and their hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics.And by comparing the domestic and foreign salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt and typical oil and gas reservoirs,it summarizes that the domestic and foreign typical salt gypsum layers salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt are involved in the tectonic deformation,made from the orogenic belt to the basin in the hinterland,tectonic deformation by the strong basement involved in thrust nappe deformation gradually transition to the thin skin decollement fold deformation,and affect the distribution of hydrocarbon accumulation in the fold thrust belts.Finally,the existing problems and future research directions of salt structure in the salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt in China are analyzed.

关 键 词：盐岩 挤压盐构造 含盐沉积盆地 油气成藏 构造变形 

分 类 号：P618.130.2[天文地球—矿床学]