金叶莸和扶芳藤在轻型基质中的栽培效果  

Cultivation effect of Caryopteris clandonensis and Euonymus fortunei in roof greening substrates

作　　者：郝惠蓉 孙向阳[1] 李素艳[1] 李逸楠 谭其言 HAO Huirong;SUN Xiangyang;LI Suyan;LI Yinan;TAN Qiyan(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第8期1487-1497,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6202021)。

摘　　要：金叶莸(Caryopteris clandonensis)和扶芳藤(Euonymus fortunei)具有耐修剪、易成活、管理粗放、开花期有很高的观赏价值等特点,能够弥补屋顶绿化常见植物种植中景观单一、易产生病虫害和易损伤等不足。但目前有关二者在轻型屋顶绿化基质中栽培效果的研究和报道较少。本研究针对每种植物设计两个处理(1+金叶莸、基质2+金叶莸、基质1+扶芳藤和基质2+扶芳藤),其中,基质1为m珍珠岩∶m粉煤灰=100∶15,基质2为m珍珠岩∶m粉煤灰=100∶20,探究珍珠岩和粉煤灰配制的轻型屋顶绿化基质对这两种植物生长一年后栽培效果的影响。结果表明:基质2中金叶莸和扶芳藤的株高、地上生物鲜重、地上生物干重、根干重、根长、根面积、根直径和根体积均显著高于基质1 (P<0.05),基质2中金叶莸、扶芳藤的叶绿素含量和根冠比与基质1相比无显著差异(P> 0.05)。Pearson相关性分析表明,基质的pH、全氮和全磷与植物生长状况极显著相关(P<0.01),田间持水量、毛管孔隙度和电导率与植物生长状况显著相关(P<0.05)。综合评价排名依次为基质2+金叶莸、基质1+金叶莸、基质2+扶芳藤和基质1+扶芳藤。综上所述,基质2为本研究中栽培金叶莸和扶芳藤的最优基质配方。Caryopteris clandonensis and Euonymus fortunei have the following characteristics: drought resistance, barren resistance, pruning resistance, easy survival, extensive management, and high ornamental value during their flowering period. They can break up the monotonous landscapes in roof greening projects that otherwise use plants which are prone to diseases and insect pests, easy to damage, and have other deficiencies. However, there are few studies and reports about the cultivation of these two plants in light roof greening substrates. Two treatments were designed for each plant, resulting in the following four treatments: substrate 1 + Caryopteris clandonensis, substrate 2 + Caryopteris clandonensis, substrate 1 +Euonymus fortunei, and substrate 2 + Euonymus fortunei. Substrate 1 was mperlite∶mfly ash = 100∶15, substrate 2 was mperlite∶mfly ash= 100∶20. In this paper, the cultivation effect of light roof greening substrates made up of perlite and fly ash on the two plants after one year of growth was studied. Results showed that in substrate 2, Caryopteris clandonensis and Euonymus fortunei plant height, fresh weight on the ground, ground dry weight, root dry weight, root length, root area, root diameter,and root volume were significantly higher than that in substrate 1(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in Caryopteris clandonensis and Euonymus fortunei chlorophyll content or root cap ratio between the two substrates. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the pH, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of the substrates were significantly related to plant growth status(P<0.01), followed by field water capacity, capillary porosity, and EC(electrical conductivity)(P <0.05). The comprehensive evaluation ranked the effect in the following order: substrate 2 + Caryopteris clandonensis,substrate 1 + Caryopteris clandonensis, substrate 2 + Euonymus fortunei, and substrate 1 + Euonymus fortunei. In conclusion, substrate 2 had a better effect on the cultivation of Caryopteris clandonensis and

关 键 词：金叶莸 扶芳藤 轻型基质 栽培效果 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]