艾美尔球虫对高原鼠兔个性与生理特征的影响  

Effects of coccidian parasites on the personality and physiological traits of plateau pika

作　　者：钟亮 朱红娟 余义博 曲家鹏[1,3] ZHONG Liang;ZHU Hongjuan;YU Yibo;QU Jiapeng(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Xining 810008,Qinhai,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青海省动物生态基因组学重点实验室,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第8期1605-1614,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31770459);青海省自然科学基金(2021-ZJ-929);“西部之光”创新交叉团队-重点实验室专项;青海省重点实验室建设专项(2021-ZJ-Y02)。

摘　　要：对30只高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)分别灌喂艾美尔球虫(Eimeria)卵囊(2×10^(6)个·mL^(-1))、驱虫剂以及生理盐水(对照),测定艾美尔球虫对高原鼠兔食物摄入量、体重、粪便皮质醇浓度、静止代谢率以及探索性的影响。结果发现:1)试验第5天时,艾美尔球虫卵囊数达到最大值,且灌喂艾美尔球虫组的艾美尔球虫卵囊数显著高于驱虫组和对照组(P<0.05);2)试验第18天时,灌喂艾美尔球虫组与对照组高原鼠兔的食物摄入量无显著差异(P> 0.05),但均显著低于驱虫组(P<0.05);3)第8天时,灌喂艾美尔球虫组和驱虫组高原鼠兔粪便皮质醇浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);第18天时,灌喂艾美尔球虫组和对照组高原鼠兔粪便皮质醇浓度、静止代谢率均显著高于驱虫组(P<0.05);4)第5天时,灌喂艾美尔球虫组高原鼠兔探索性显著低于对照组和驱虫组(P<0.05)。高原鼠兔感染艾美尔球虫后,其皮质醇浓度升高、静止代谢率降低、探索性减弱,降低了被捕食风险,增大了艾美尔球虫在高原鼠兔种群内的传播率。本研究结果可为应用艾美尔球虫作为潜在的高原鼠兔生物防治制剂以及控制高原鼠兔种群数量提供了新的依据。We measured the variation in food intake, body mass, fecal cortisol concentration, resting metabolic rate(RMR),and exploration in 30 plateau pikas fed with Eimeria coccidia oocysts(COs), anthelmintic, and normal saline(NS),respectively. On the 5 th day, the number of CO-fed pikas reached the peak, and the population of the CO-fed group was significantly higher than that of the anthelmintic-fed group and control group(NS-fed group)(P<0.05). On the 18 th day,there was no significant difference in food intake between the CO-fed group and the control group(P>0.05), but the food intake was significantly lower than that in the anthelmintic-fed group(P<0.05). On the 8 th day, the fecal cortisol concentration in the CO-fed group and anthelmintic-fed group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P <0.05). On the 18 th day, the fecal cortisol concentration and RMR in the CO-fed group and the control group were significantly higher than those in the anthelmintic-fed group(P<0.05). On the 5 th day, exploration in the CO-fed group was significantly lower than that in the anthelmintic-fed group and the control group(P<0.05). When Eimeria coccidia infected plateau pika,it increased their cortisol concentration, decreased their RMR, and weakened their exploration, which reduced the risk of predation and promoted the transmission rate of Eimeria coccidia in plateau pikas. This study provides a new basis for using Eimeria coccidia as a potential biological control agent to control plateau pika populations.

关 键 词：寄生虫 啮齿动物 体重 食物摄入量 皮质醇 静止代谢率 探索性 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]