商标案件刑民交叉责任的界分步骤  

On Steps for Demarcation of Crossed Criminal and Civil Liabilities in Trademark Cases

作　　者：邱润根[1] QIU Rungen

机构地区：[1]南昌大学法学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《政治与法律》2021年第10期54-64,共11页Political Science and Law

基　　金：江西省社科规划重点项目“知识产权侵权中的权利边界研究”(项目编号:19FX01);江西省高校人文社会科学重点基地招标项目“金融数据的知识产权立法研究”(项目编号:JD20110);江西省研究生创新项目“商标案中刑民交叉责任的界分标准研究”(项目编号:YC2020-S115)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：司法实践对商标侵权行为的民事责任与商标犯罪的刑事责任的追究,缺乏统一的界分标准,影响了司法裁判标准的统一。准确界分商标案件的刑民交叉责任,需在定责和量责两个环节统一采取三个步骤。涉案数额因其可清晰快捷地界分刑民交叉责任,常为法官首先参考采用;判断行为是否由民转刑的重点在于考察行为人的主观状态,因而在定责过程中还需重点关注主观状态,以进一步界分刑民交叉责任;刑民交叉责任因并存着多重法益,考量法益平衡是最终界分刑民交叉责任的关键。刑民交叉责任的三步界分可逐步明晰商标侵权与商标犯罪间的边界,在定责和量责全过程中不断地缩小刑民交叉责任的模糊区域,以利于法院公正裁判商标刑民交叉案件。The lack of a unified demarcation standard for pursuing civil liability for a trademark infringement or criminal liability for a trademark offence in judicial practice affects the unification of judicial determination standard.To accurately make a demarcation between criminal and civil liabilities in a trademark case,it is necessary to uniformly take three steps in two links of the determination and measurement of liability.The amount involved in the case is often the first factor to be considered or adopted by the judge because it can be used to clearly and quickly demarcate criminal and civil liabilities;To determine whether an act is transferred from a civil one to a criminal one,the focus is put on the examination of the subjective state of the actor,so that subjective state should also be paid attention to during the process of liability determination in order to further demarcate the crossed criminal and civil liabilities;because there coexist multiple legal interests in the crossed criminal and civil liabilities,the consideration of balanced legal interests is the key to the final demarcation of the crossed criminal and civil liabilities.The three-step demarcation of crossed criminal and civil liabilities can gradually serve to clarify the boundary between trademark infringement and trademark offence,to continuously narrow the fuzzy area of crossed criminal and civil liabilities in the integrated process of liability determination and measurement,thus helping the court impartially make a judgment on a trademark case with crossed criminal and civil liabilities.

关 键 词：商标案件 刑民交叉责任 界分步骤 

分 类 号：DF623[政治法律—刑法学]