基于CT影像的羊颈椎椎板切除的生物力学特征仿真计算方法研究  

Study on Simulation Calculation Method of Biomechanical Characteristics of Sheep Cervical Laminectomy Based on CT Image

作　　者：常玉婷 黄勇 菅凤增[3] 张璨[3] 黄菊英[4,5] CHANG Yuting;HUANG Yong;JIAN Fengzeng;ZHANG Can;HUANG Juying(Department of Nuclear Medicine,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Civil Aviation General Hospital,Beijing 100123,China;Department of Neurosurgery,XuanWu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100054,China;School of Biomedical Engineering,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院核医学科,北京100020 [2]民航总医院神经外科,北京100123 [3]首都医科大学宣武医院神经外科,北京100054 [4]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069 [5]首都医科大学临床生物力学应用基础研究北京市重点实验室,北京100069

出　　处：《中国医疗设备》2021年第10期157-160,176,共5页China Medical Devices

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271519);北京市教育科技计划重点项目(KZ202010025043);北京市教委科技计划面上项目(KM201510025010)。

摘　　要：目的研究半椎板切除、全椎板切除以及椎板回植成形术三种处理方式对颈椎稳定性的影响。方法基于CT影像资料分别建立一个绵羊颈椎C3~C6正常完整状态和椎板回植成形状态的三维有限元模型,对正常完整状态的有限元模型进行切割建立半椎板切除状态的有限元模型和全椎板切除状态的有限元模型。运用有限元方法模拟计算在前屈、后伸和左右侧弯等4种载荷下的生物力学特征参数。结果全椎板切除与半椎板切除状态下的椎间盘和关节突关节应力在前屈、后伸和左右侧弯4种载荷下均大于正常完整状态,且全椎板切除状态大于半椎板切除状态,椎板回植成形术能够明显减小绵羊颈椎在全椎板切除后椎间盘和关节突关节的应力的增加。结论全椎板切除和半椎板切除这两种处理方式均会降低颈椎的稳定性且全椎板切除对颈椎稳定性的影响更大,椎板回植成形术后可以有效地减小全椎板切除后对颈椎稳定性的影响。Objective The effects of the three treatment methods of semi-laminectomy,laminectomy,and lamina reimplantation on the stability of the cervical spine were investigated.Methods Three-dimensional finite element model of the normal intact state of the C3-C6 motion segment of the sheep cervical spine and the state of the lamina replantation was established respectively based on CT image.The finite element model of normal and complete state was cut,and the finite element model of semi-laminectomy and total laminectomy were established.The finite element method was employed to simulate the biomechanical properties of the four models under the loads of flexion,extension,left lateral bending and right lateral bending.Results The maximum stress of intervertebral disc and facet joint in total laminectomy and hemilaminectomy was greater than that in normal intact state under the four loads of flexion,extension,left and right lateral bending.The maximum stress in total laminectomy was greater than that in hemi-laminectomy.Laminoplasty can significantly reduce the stress increase of intervertebral disc and facet joints in sheep after total laminectomy.Conclusion Laminectomy and hemi-laminectomy will reduce the stability of the cervical spine and the laminectomy will have a greater impact on the stability of the cervical spine.Laminoplasty can effectively reduce the impact of total laminectomy on the stability of cervical spine.

关 键 词：半椎板切除 全椎板切除 椎板回植成形 稳定性 有限元模型 

分 类 号：R319[医药卫生—基础医学]