盐沼入侵植物互花米草治理后植食性昆虫食物结构的变化  

Restoration of Diets of Herbivorous Insects Following the Removal of Invasive Spartina alterniflora in a Saltmarsh

作　　者：江佳佳 赵玉杰 赵佳媛[1,2] 鞠瑞亭[1,2] JIANG Jiajia;ZHAO Yujie;ZHAO Jiayuan;JU Ruiting(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystem of the Yangtze Estuary, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200438 [2]复旦大学长江河口湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,上海200438

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期444-450,共7页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31670544);上海市科委重点项目(19DZ1204100,20DZ1204702,18DZ1206507)。

摘　　要：利用生态工程措施治理滨海盐沼入侵植物、恢复受损湿地的生态功能,是海岸带自然资源管理和生态系统健康维持的重要手段.盐沼入侵植物治理后,植食性昆虫群落结构的变化已得到较多研究,但昆虫食物结构变化的关注相对较少.本研究选取崇明东滩互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)治理工程恢复区,以及毗邻的互花米草入侵区和原生芦苇(Phragmites australis)对照区的不同植物群落,结合碳稳定同位素分析手段,比较了植物群落间植食性昆虫的食物结构差异,发现对照区、入侵区和恢复区芦苇群落中的昆虫均主要以芦苇为食,入侵区互花米草群落中的大多数昆虫以互花米草为食,而芦苇-互花米草混生群落中的昆虫既取食芦苇也取食互花米草.这一结果表明,互花米草入侵改变了本地植食性昆虫对土著植物芦苇的依赖性,而清除互花米草并恢复芦苇群落后,植食性昆虫对土著植物的依赖性已得到恢复.Using ecological engineering to control invasive plants and restore ecosystem service of saltmarshes has become an important way for the management of natural resources and the maintenance of ecological health in coastal zones.Previous studies have paid much attention to the changes in species diversity of herbivorous insects after the removal of invasive plants in saltmarshes,but have often overlooked the changes in feeding structures of these insects.In this study,we concerned the restoration of diets of herbivorous insects following the removal of invasive Spartina alterniflora in the Chongming Dongtan wetland.We took the restored area where Spartina has been removed,the invaded area where Spartina are still spreading,and the original reference area where Spartina does not invade in saltmarshes as study sites.In these areas,we collected samples of herbivorous insects in five plant communities(i.e.,three monocultures of Phragmites those were from the original reference area,the restored area,and the invaded area,respectively,and the Spartina monoculture and the Phragmites-Spartina mixture in the invaded area).According to the carbon stable isotope ratio(δ13C)of samples,we compared the diets of leaf suckers and chewers among plant communities.We found that most insects fed on Phragmites in the three Phragmites monocultures,and fed on Spartina in the Spartina monoculture.However,insects in fed on both Phragmites and Spartina in the Phragmites-Spartina mixture.These results suggest that the invasion of Spartina has altered the dependence of indigenous herbivorous insects on native Phragmites,but following the removal of Spartina and the restoration of Phragmites,the dietary reliance of insects on the native plant has been effectively restored in the saltmarshes.

关 键 词：生物入侵 生态修复 生态工程 碳稳定同位素 生产者 消费者 营养关系 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]