基于USB2.0总线数据侦听的实时幸运成像系统  

Real-time Lucky Imaging System Based onUSB2.0 Bus Data Listening

作　　者：苗旺 李彬华[1,2] 王锦良 陈柄宇 高诗竹 Miao Wang;Li Binhua;Wang Jinliang;Chen Bingyu;Gao Shizhu(Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Applications of Computer Technology of Yunnan Province,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学云南省计算机应用技术重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2021年第4期504-515,共12页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11673009)资助.

摘　　要：为进一步提高现有实时幸运成像系统的实时性,针对第二代通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus 2.0,USB2.0)接口的电子倍增电荷耦合(Electron Multiplying Charge-Coupled Devices,EMCCD)相机进行幸运成像观测的情况,提出了一个基于USB2.0总线数据侦听的实时幸运成像技术方案,进行了侦听电路的硬件设计和数字逻辑设计,搭建了一个具有实时侦听、传输、处理、动态更新和显示的幸运成像系统。当相机拍摄天文图像并与个人计算机(Personal Computer,PC)进行数据交互时,系统的USB2.0总线数据侦听子系统就会对交互的USB2.0总线实现无侵入式侦听,并且加以分析处理后,只将有效的天文图像数据发送给底层现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)开发板中的幸运成像子系统,然后幸运成像子系统对接收的数据进行预处理、动态选图、实时配准和叠加处理,最后采用9个实时分割阈值水平切割高分辨率图像并对二值图像进行动态更新和显示。实验结果表明,所实现的系统能够对在USB2.0总线上连续传输的10000帧512×512像素的图像进行实时侦听、幸运成像和动态更新显示,实现了幸运成像技术的实时化。In order to further improve the real-time performance of the existing real-time lucky imaging system,and in the case of lucky imaging observation through the EMCCD camera with the USB2.0 interface,this paper proposes a real-time lucky imaging technology scheme based on USB2.0 bus data listening.The hardware design and digital logic design of the listening circuit have been carried out and a lucky imaging system with real-time listening,transmission,processing,dynamic update and display has been built.This system inserts the front end of the listening circuit into the USB2.0 bus connecting the camera with a PC.When the camera captures astronomical images and transfers the images to the PC via USB2.0 bus,the special USB2.0 bus data listening system realizes non-intrusive data listening on the bus.After analysis and processing,only valid astronomical image data are sent to a bottom FPGA development board,in which a FPGA lucky imaging system transplanted from an existing Ethernet-based system is embedded.When the development board receives the image data sent by the listening circuit,the embedded lucky imaging system performs image preprocessing,dynamic image selection,real-time registration and superimposition processing,and finally uses 9 adjustable thresholds to binarize high-resolution images and then outputs these images to a VGA displayer.This paper introduces the hardware,logic design method and debugging process of the listening circuit,as well as the transplantation of the lucky imaging system and the experimental situation of the whole system.The experimental results show that the implemented system can perform real-time listening,lucky imaging and dynamic update display for 10000 frames of 512×512 pixel images continuously transmitted on the USB2.0 bus,and realize the real-time of lucky imaging technology.

关 键 词：幸运成像 数据侦听 USB2.0 现场可编程门阵列 实时性 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]