夏季东亚地区四个“大气河”典型个例分析  

Analyses of Four Typical Cases of“Atmospheric River”over the East Asian Region in Summer Season

作　　者：刘珊 傅刚 李晓东 陈莅佳 Liu Shan;Fu Gang;Li Xiaodong;Chen Lijia(Qingdao Meteorological Bureau, Qingdao 266003, China;Department of Marine Meteorology, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市气象局,山东青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院海洋气象学系,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第11期1-15,共15页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41775042);青岛市气象局科研项目(2018qdqxm10)资助。

摘　　要：利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)提供的ERA-Interim再分析资料和日本高知大学提供的红外卫星云图,从夏季东亚地区134个“大气河”个例中挑选了4个典型个例分析其天气形势和演变过程,考察其水平与垂直结构。发现有两个南-北向的“大气河”在气旋东部暖输送带上发展,另外两个东-西向的“大气河”分别在两气旋之间的锋面上、低压与副热带高压之间发展。整体而言,“大气河”位于500 hPa以下,在1000 hPa上低压天气系统的东部或外围。在有锋面伴随的情况下,水汽输送带会沿着锋面延伸。在没有锋面伴随的情况下,“大气河”会沿着低空气旋式环流外围延伸。“大气河”内800 hPa高度附近有低空急流,与锋面之间有上升运动。“大气河”输送方向的左侧200 hPa高度附近有急流。最后本文给出了夏季影响东亚地区两种“大气河”的空间概念示意图。In this paper,four typical cases of atmospheric river(AR)over the East Asian Region in summer season are studied by using ECMWF(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)ERA-Interim reanalysis data and MTSAT-1R(Multi-functional Transport Satellites-1R)infrared channel albedo data provided by Kochi University of Japan.The synoptic situations and evolutionary processes of these four AR cases,as well as their horizontal and vertical structures are examined.Based upon synoptic analyses,it is found that two ARs with north-south orientation developed within the warm conveyor belt in the east of cyclone,while other two ARs with east-west orientation developed among the front between two cyclones,or developed between a low pressure system and the subtropical high pressure system.Basically,ARs only occur below 500 hPa,and may appear in the east or outside of the low system at 1000 hPa.When there is a front accompanied with AR,the water vapor transport belt may extend along the front.Otherwise,it may extend along the lower-level cyclonic circulation.There is low-level jet near 800 hPa level inside the AR,and the ascending motion between AR and front.Also there is upper-level jet near 200 hPa level on the left side of the AR transport.Finally,the schematic diagrams of these two kinds of Atmospheric River over the East Asian region were summarized.

关 键 词：东亚地区 “大气河” 典型个例 天气分析 空间结构 

分 类 号：P434[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]