有机硅改性聚氨酯/纳米SiO_(2)复合超疏水涂层的制备  

Preparation of Silicone Modified Polyurethane/Nano-SiO_(2) Composite Superhydrophobic Coating

作　　者：秦凤鸣 李香玉 王锦艳[1] 蹇锡高[1] Feng-ming Qin;Xiang-yu Li;Jin-yan Wang;Xi-gao Jian(Department of Polymer Science and Materials,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学高分子材料系,大连116024

出　　处：《高分子学报》2021年第9期1165-1173,共9页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：航空科学基金(基金号20115463005)资助项目。

摘　　要：以4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG)、羟基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷(HO-PDMS)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为原料,合成了有机硅改性的聚氨酯溶液,通过核磁共振、红外光谱技术对其结构进行表征,并研究了羟基硅油加入量对聚氨酯热稳定性、疏水性的影响.以有机硅改性的聚氨酯溶液为基体、含氟硅烷偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化硅颗粒为填料,喷涂制备超疏水涂层,研究了填料添加量对复合涂层疏水性的影响.结果表明:当硅油加入量为9 wt%,填料加入量为60 wt%时,复合涂层性能最优,水接触角为153.3°,滞后角为6.3°.经过200℃加热1 h后,仍然具有大于150°的水接触角.对复合涂层进行磨损实验与防冰测试,结果表明:该复合涂层在磨损过程中,在基底暴露之前,整个涂层基体都具有超疏水性;并且该涂层能有效降低结冰温度,延长结冰时间,具有良好的防冰性能.A silicone modified polyurethane(SiPU) was synthesized with 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI),polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol(PTMEG),hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane(HO-PDMS),1,4-butanediol(BDO) as raw materials and its structure was characterized by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance(1 H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The effect of HO-PDMS content on the thermal stability and hydrophobicity of polyurethane was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and water contact angle(WCA) test.The results showed that the SiPU coating had the best performances when the content of silicone was 9 wt%.Then the superhydrophobic coating was easily prepared by spraying SiPU as the matrix and fluorosilane modified SiO2 nano particles(FAS-SiO2 NPs) with different sizes(25 and 15 nm) as fillers.The effects of FAS-SiO_(2) NPs size and content on the hydrophobicity of the composite coating were also studied by WCA test.It was proven that the composite coating possessed the best performances when the mass ratio and content of FAS-SiO2 NPs were 4:1 and 60 wt%,respectively.The WCA and hysteresis angle were 153.3° and 6.3°,respectively.After heated at 200℃ for 1 h,the composite coating was still superhydrophobic.Moreover,the abrasion test showed that the composite coating was always superhydrophobic before the aluminum alloy substrate was exposed.The anti-icing test result showed that the composite coating decreased the freezing temperature effectively and delayed freezing time obviously,compared with uncoated surface and coating without fillers.Considering that the composite superhydrophobic coating can be prepared easily in large scale by spaying and has great anti-icing performance,it holds great potential in the fields of superhydrophobicity and anti-icing.

关 键 词：超疏水 聚氨酯涂层 防冰 复合涂层 

分 类 号：TB306[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]