隧道三维地震反射波法超前地质预报偏移成像应用研究  

Study on the Application of Migration Imaging in Advance Geological Prediction by Tunnel 3D Seismic Reflection Wave Method

作　　者：蔡盛[1] 张邦[1] Cai Sheng;Zhang Bang(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2021年第5期613-619,共7页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司科研项目(编号:2019K026)。

摘　　要：隧道三维地震反射波法具有良好的空间属性,能够对掌子面前方不良地质体进行更精确的定位,是未来超前地质预报的主要发展方向,但由于其计算效率低、三维观测系统布置难,现阶段应用较少。本文介绍了一种基于Kirchhoff积分的偏移成像方法,其利用能量叠加准则进行三维速度扫描,并采用快速行进法进行走时计算。为验证该算法有效性,采用有限差分法对隧道进行地震波三维数值模拟,按照三维观测系统生成模拟数据,进行偏移成像计算。算例结果表明,利用该算法进行隧道三维地震反射波法超前地质预报偏移成像,计算效率高,成像结果稳定,不受观测系统限制,改善了传统三维地震反射波法现场实施难度大的不足,具有实用性与可行性。Tunnel 3D seismic reflection wave method has good spatial attributes and can locate the unfavorable geological bodies in front of the working face more accurately,which is the main development direction of advanced geological prediction in the future.However,due to its huge calculation cost and difficult arrangement of 3D observation system,it is seldom used currently.In this paper,a migration imaging method based on Kirchhoff integral is introduced,which uses energy superposition criterion to scan three-dimensional velocity,and uses fast travel method to calculate travel time.In order to verify the feasibility of the algorithm,the finite difference method is used to simulate the seismic wave of the tunnel,,and the simulated data is generated according to the true three-dimensional observation system for migration imaging calculation.Finally,the migration imaging calculation is carried out.The example results show that it is effective to use Kirchhoff migration imaging method to carry out tunnel 3D seismic wave reflection method in advanced geological prediction.

关 键 词：地质预报 地震反射波 Kirchhoff偏移 三维 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]