非均布汽车冷却风扇噪声实验及数值研究  

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Noise of Uneven-spaced Automobile Cooling Fans

作　　者：罗来彬 吴亚东[1,2] 彭志刚 欧阳华 LUO Laibin;WU Yadong;PENG Zhigang;OUYANG Hua(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Engineering Research Center of Gas Turbine and Civil Aero Engine,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Brose Electric Motors Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201801,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]燃气轮机与民用航空发动机教育部工程研究中心,上海200240 [3]上海博泽电机有限公司,上海201801

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2021年第5期175-181,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金资助项目(18ZR1418600)。

摘　　要：基于实验和仿真的结果建立非均布汽车风扇及加换热器后的噪声预测模型。首先,声学实验结果表明汽车风扇的声压级近似与转速的6次方成正比,体现出典型偶极子声源特性。然后,基于CFD计算结果,采用涡声理论分析风扇噪声源分布。最后,在偶极子声源模型基础上,结合实验测试结果得到噪声预测模型,通过将该预测模型用于不同的汽车风扇和加换热器后的情况,预测值和实验相差1.5 dB(A)以内,表明该预测模型具有较好的通用性,可根据早期风扇设计的数值计算结果快速预测冷却风扇的噪声。Based on the results of experiments and simulations,the noise prediction model of uneven-spaced automobile fans and heat exchangers is established.First of all,acoustic experiments show that the sound pressure level of automobile fans is approximately proportional to the 6th power of the speed,reflecting the characteristics of a typical dipole sound source.Then,based on the computational results of CFD and the vortex sound theory,the distribution of the fan noise sources is analyzed.Finally,based on the dipole sound source model combined with the acoustic experimental results,a noise prediction model is obtained.By using this prediction model for different automobile fans and heat exchangers,the difference between the prediction value and the experimental value is less than 1.5 dB(A).It shows that the prediction model has a good generality and the noise of the cooling fans can be quickly predicted according to the numerical calculation results of the preliminary design of the fans.

关 键 词：声学 非均布汽车风扇 换热器 噪声预测 偶极子声源 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3