秦岭大熊猫主食竹种巴山木竹开花过程中植物的营养状况研究  

Plant Nutrition Status in Flowering Process of Bashania Fargesii—a Staple Food of the Gaint Pandas in Qinling Mt.

作　　者：杜喜春[1] 张九东[1] 郭成圆 何祥博 赵银萍[1] DU Xi-chun;ZHANG Jiu-dong;GUO Cheng-yuan;HE Xiang-bo;ZHAO Yin-ping(School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University,Xi'an 710065,Shaanxi,China;The Administration of Shaanxi Foping National Nature Reserve,Foping 723400,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院生物与环境工程学院,陕西西安710065 [2]陕西省佛坪国家级自然保护区管理局,陕西佛坪723400

出　　处：《竹子学报》2021年第1期22-26,共5页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金(2018JM3029)。

摘　　要：研究比较了3个不同生长发育阶段(营养生长阶段、花蕾孕育及其前期阶段、开花阶段)的巴山木竹种群的植物叶片SPAD值,同时测定相应阶段的叶平均重量、单位重量枝的叶平均数量和重量,结果表明:巴山木竹从营养阶段到开花前期,叶绿素相对含量会降低大约10%左右,相对应的氮含量也有所降低;开花过程中叶均重量大幅减少可达80%,特别是单位枝重的叶均重量比的降低幅度更大,可达90%;两者共同导致光合效率和同化能力降低,表明叶的营养状况和形态结构与开花过程密切相关。巴山木竹的叶均重量、叶重与枝重比是比较敏感的形态结构指标,可以作为其开花的警示指标。研究能够丰富竹类植物开花相关理论,也为大熊猫保护工作提供决策依据。The leaf SPAD values of three Bashania Fargesii populations at different growth stages,i.e.,vegetative growth,bud initiation and development,and flowering stage,were compared in this study.The average leaf weight,average mass and number of leaves per branch weight were measured at the same time.The results showed that the relative content of chlorophyll decreased by about 10%from the vegetative stage to the bud initiation and development stage,during flowering,the average weight of leaves decreased by 80%,especially the average weight ratio of leaves per branch weight decreased by 90%,resulting in a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency and assimilation ability.This indicated that the leaf nutrient status and morphological structure were closely related to the flowering process.The leaf average weight and the ratio of leaf weight to branch weight of Bashania Fargesii were sensitive morphological and structural indexes,which could be used as warning indexes for flowering.This study may enrich the theory of bamboo flowering and provide a decision-making basis for the conservation of the Giant Pandas.

关 键 词：巴山木竹 叶绿素含量 氮含量 叶重枝重比 叶平均重量 竹子开花 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]