干旱胁迫及复水对甘草叶片抗氧化酶活性和光合特性的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress and Rehydration on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Photosynthetic Characteristic of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch

作　　者：安钰[1] 张清云[1] 李生兵 刘华[1] An Yu;Zhang Qingyun;Li Shengbing;Liu Hua(Institute of Desertification Control,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Yanchi Science&Technology Bureau,Yanchi,Ningxia 751500)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]盐池县科学技术局,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2021年第7期1-5,共5页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03292、NZ16115);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2020BBF03005)。

摘　　要：采用盆栽控水试验法,研究了不同程度干旱胁迫及复水处理对甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)叶片抗氧化酶活性和光合特性的影响。结果表明:丙二醛(MDA)含量随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧呈持续上升趋势,中度和重度干旱胁迫下MDA含量显著高于正常浇水,复水后各干旱胁迫处理MDA含量均降低,差异不显著。超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性均随着干旱胁迫程度的增加发生变化,SOD活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,CAT和POD活性呈先下降后上升的趋势,复水后SOD、POD和CAT都得到了不同程度的恢复。甘草叶片叶绿素含量、蒸腾速率(Tr)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧呈持续下降趋势,Pn、Gs、Ci在不同干旱胁迫处理间差异显著(P<0.05);复水后叶绿素含量在中度与重度干旱胁迫下继续下降,Pn、Gs、Tr与Ci在中度和重度干旱胁迫条件下均显著上升。研究表明,复水可以有效降低MDA含量及抗氧化酶活性,缓解干旱胁迫对细胞造成损害;复水可以使甘草叶片重新开放气孔,迅速提高水分和CO2在细胞内的交换量,有效缓解干旱胁迫对甘草光合作用的抑制,保证甘草的正常生长。A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress and rehydration on antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic characteristics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch..The results showed that malondialdehyde(MDA)content increased with the aggravation of drought stress,MDA content under moderate and severe drought stress was significantly higher than that under normal irrigation,and MDA content decreased after rehydration under different drought stress.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and peroxidase(POD)all changed with the increase of drought stress.The activity of SOD increased firstly and then declined,the activity of CAT and POD decreased firstly and then increased,the activity of antioxidant enzyme were recovered in certain degree after rehydration.The chlorophyll content,transpiration rate(Tr),net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)of licorice leaves decreased with the aggravation of drought stress,the Pn,Gs and Ci were significantly difference between drought stress(P<0.05).After rehydration treatment,the chlorophyll content continued to decrease under moderate and severe drought stress,Pn,Gs,Tr and Ci had a significantly increased under moderate and severe drought stress.It has shown that rehydration can effectively reduce MDA content and antioxidant enzyme activity to alleviate the damage to cells caused by drought stress.Rehydration can reopen the stomata,rapidly increase the exchange amount of water and CO2 in cells,effectively alleviate the inhibition of drought stress on photosynthesis,and ensure the normal growth of licorice.

关 键 词：甘草 干旱胁迫 复水 抗氧化酶 光合特性 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]